临汾市极端气候事件的分析与研究

为了研究临汾市极端天气气候事件发生的频率、强度对气候变化的响应，以及极端天气气候事件对农业生产的影响，对今后政府制定相应的决策，促进当地经济的可持续发展以及建立和谐社会具有特别重要的意义。利用数理统计方法，对1954—2013年临汾市地面气象观测站的平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、降水、蒸发、日照等观测资料，进行统计分析。结果显示：极端日最高气温呈上升趋势，其增加率为0.06℃/10 a，极端日最低气温呈上升趋势，其增加率为1.4℃/10 a，这与气温的变化趋势基本一致；临汾市暴雨日数和大暴雨日数有明显的年际及年代际变化特征。总体方向呈下降趋势；1954—2013年日照时数、蒸发呈下降趋势。

Study on Extreme Weather Events in Linfen City

The paper aims to study the response of frequency and intensity of extreme weather events to climate change in Linfen, and the impact of extreme weather events on agricultural production. It is of great significance to the government’s decision-making in the future, and will promote the sustainable development of the local economy and establish a harmonious society. The author used the mathematical statistics method to analyze the annual average temperature, the daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation, evaporation and sunshine, which were observed during 1954 to 2013 in Linfen meteorological observation stations. The results showed that: extreme daily maximum temperature had an upward trend, which increased with a rate of 0.06℃/10 a; extreme daily minimum temperature also rose, which increased with a rate of 1.4℃/10 a, and was consistent with the changing trend of temperature. The torrential rain day number, which was on the decline in general, had an obvious inter-annual and inter-decadal variation in Linfen. The sunshine duration and evaporation decreased from 1954 to 2013.