设施菜田土壤磷素累积特征与风险调控方法

为了研究设施菜田土壤磷素累积特征与风险调控方法，综述了国内外近20年的设施菜田土壤磷素累积与损失方面的研究。发现中国设施菜田由于磷素的过量投入，导致表层土壤磷素过量累积，有效磷含量远远超出50-80 mg/kg的磷素损失环境拐点值。从磷素损失途径着手，讨论了源头调控（控制磷肥投入数量、改进磷肥施用方法），过程调控（优化种植制度、施用磷素螯合剂），末端控制（植物篱拦截）和经济、法规策略等方法对控制磷素损失的影响。最后探讨了该研究领域存在的若干问题，今后需要加强有机肥使用管理和环保重点区域磷素风险评估等方面的研究。

Soil Phosphorus in Facility Vegetable Field: Accumulation Characteristics and Risk Control Methods

The paper aims to study the accumulation characteristics of phosphorus and its risk control methods in facility vegetable fields. By summarizing the researches on the soil phosphorus accumulation and loss in facility vegetable fields nearly 20 years at home and abroad, it was found that: due to the excessive input of phosphorus in facility vegetable fields in China, the phosphorus accumulation in the surface soil was excessive, and the available phosphorus content was much greater than the phosphorus loss environment inflection point value (50-80 mg/kg). From the phosphorus loss pathway, we discussed the effects of source control technique (controlling the amount of P fertilizer input, improving application method of P fertilizer), process control technique (optimizing planting systems, using phosphorus chelating agents), end control technique (hedgerow interception), economic and legislation strategies on controlling phosphorus loss; and studied some problems in the field, pointed out we should strengthen the use and management of organic fertilizer and the risk assessment of phosphorus in environmental key areas in the future.