有机无机肥配施对云烟97烤烟品种产质量的影响

为筛选出最优的菜籽饼有机肥与无机肥配施比例,改善烟叶品质,通过设置不同处理,研究有机无机肥不同比例配施对烤烟品种‘云烟97’产质量的影响。结果表明,在曲靖沾益烟区,施用纯氮量为90 kg/hm2,腐熟菜籽饼有机肥等量替代20%纯氮,施用量360kg/hm2,烤烟专用基肥399kg/hm2 对植烟土壤有改良作用,能促进烤烟品种‘云烟97’的正常生长,显著降低烤烟主要土传病害的发病率(P<0.05),并能使烟叶内在化学成分更协调,协调性较对照平均提高14.4%,抽吸品质平均提升5.90%,烤后烟叶产量、产值、均价和中上等烟比例分别提高8.39%、13.17%、4.41%和6.93%,经济效益明显。

Combined Application of Chemical Fertilizers with Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Tobacco Variety‘Yunyan97’

To screen optimum combination of chemical fertilizers and rapeseed cake organic fertilizer, and improve the quality of‘Yunyan97’, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of four combinations on its yield and quality. The results showed that the mix of 20% rapeseed cake organic fertilizer (360 kg/hm2) and 80% inorganic fertilizer (399 kg/hm2 base fertilizer+90 kg/hm2 topdressing) was optimal for the yield and quality, and markedly lower the soil- borne disease of ‘Yunyan97’ (P<0.05), the chemical composition coordination of tobacco was improved by 14.4% on average, and the smoking quality was improved by 5.90%. On average, and the yield, output value, average price per hectare, and the proportion of middle and superior tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco were increased by 8.39%, 13.17%, 4.41% and 6.93%, respectively.