不同耕作方式和栽培密度下强化栽培水稻的生长发育与产量形成

以三系杂交组合金优253和中优315为试验材料，在两种土壤耕作方式和三种栽培密度下，研究了强化栽培水稻的生长发育与产量形成。结果表明，耕作方式和栽培密度对强化栽培水稻的生长发育和产量产生明显影响。相同耕作方式不同密度下，单株分蘖数随株行距的增加而增加，单位面积分蘖数随株行距的增加而下降；抽穗期最大叶面积指数及其衰减率随株行距的增加而下降；抽穗前的群体干物质积累量随株行距的增加而下降，抽穗至成熟期的群体干物质积累量以中等密度的最大，但成熟期群体干物质积累量仍随株行距的增加而下降；茎叶干物质表观输出率随株行距的增加而下降；单位面积有效穗数随株行距的增加而显著下降，每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重随株行距的增加而增加。免耕条件下的强化栽培水稻产量随株行距的增加而下降，常耕条件下的产量则以中等株行距处理的最高。

Plant Growth and Grain Yield Formation under Different Tillage Patterns and Different Planting Densities in the System of Rice Intensification

Experiments were conducted to study plant growth and grain yield formation with Jinyou 253 and Zhongyou 315 as experimental materials under two soil tillage patterns and three planting densities in the system of rice intensification. Results showed that tillage patterns and planting densities made obvious influence on plant growth and grain yield. Under different planting densities with the same tillage pattern, tillers per plant increased with increase of planting space while tillers per unit area decreased with increase of planting space; The maximum leaf area at heading as well as its withering decreased with increase of planting space; Dry matter accumulation before heading decreased with increase of planting space, but the accumulation after heading was the most under the density of 35cm×35cm, and the total accumulation at ripening decreased with increase of planting space, Apparent transportation rate of dry matter in stem and leaf decreased with increase of planting space; Effective panicles decreased with increase of planting space while spikes per panicle, seed set rate and 1000-grain weight increased with increase of planting space. Grain yield decreased with increase of planting space under no-tillage pattern, however, it was the highest under the density of 35cm×35cm and conventional tillage pattern.