豇豆种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系的SRAP和SSR分析

为从分子水平上揭示豇豆种质资源间的亲缘关系,为其种质资源搜集、鉴定、利用和遗传改良提供一定的理论基础,利用SRAP和SSR分子标记对41份来自中国和马来西亚的豇豆种质资源进行遗传多样性研究。从65对SRAP引物和10对SSR引物中分别筛选获得稳定清晰且多态性强的31对SRAP引物和5对SSR引物,对41份栽培豇豆资源的DNA进行SRAP-PCR和SSR-PCR扩增。2种PCR扩增共获230条扩增条带,其中SRAP检测到196条扩增条带,平均每对引物扩增等位基因数为6.3条,多态性片段为161条,多态性比例为82.14%;SSR检测到34条带,平均每对引物扩增等位基因数6.8条,多肽性片段为25条,多态性比例为73.53%,表明本研究搜集的豇豆种质间的遗传多样性比较丰富。基于SRAP和SSR标记的结果,利用UPGMA构建了41份豇豆资源的聚类树状图,其遗传相似系数为0.1667~0.9516,大多在0.674以上。结果表明,SRAP和SSR分子标记能有效地将41份豇豆资源分开,且部分种质间的遗传距离较远,这为豇豆资源的开发利用及新品种的选育提供科学依据。

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships Analysis of Cowpea Germplasm Resources by SRAP and SSR

The paper aims to reveal the genetic relationship of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) germplasm at molecular level and provide some theoretical basis for germplasm collection, identification, utilization and genetic improvement. The authors studied the genetic diversities and phylogenetic relationships of forty-one cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) germplasms from China and Malaysia based on SRAP and SSR markers. Thirtyone SRAP primers and five SSR primers with polymorphism and repeatability were selected from 65 SRAP primers and ten SSR primers for PCR amplification in 41 samples, respectively. A total of 230 bands were generated by SRAP-PCR and SSR-PCR. Thirty one SRAP primers generated 196 bands with an average of 6.3 bands per primer pair, of which 161 were polymorphic and PPB was 82.14%. Five SSR primers generated 34 bands with an average of 6.8 bands per primer pair, of which 25 were polymorphic and PPB was 73.53%. The result showed that genetic diversity of the 41 cowpea germplasms in this study was relatively rich. Cluster analysis with UPGMA method based on SRAP and SSR markers revealed that the genetic similarity among cowpea germplasms ranged from 0.1667-0.9516, and most of which were higher than 0.674. The result herein showed that 41 samples could be clearly distinguished by SRAP and SSR markers and the genetic distance among partial cowpea germplasms were high. The study will provide a reference for utilization and new variety selection of cowpea resources.