硅钙镁磷钾肥不同用量对超级稻产量及 磷钾吸收利用的影响

为了探讨硅钙镁磷钾肥在超级稻上施用效果,通过采用田间小区试验,研究了硅钙镁磷钾肥不同用量和习惯施肥磷钾减半（CF2）配合施用对水稻产量磷钾吸收利用及土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明,施用硅钙镁磷钾肥较习惯施肥能够有效提高超级稻产量,随着施用量的增加而增大,比习惯施肥（CF1）增产1.87%-0.65%,比习惯施肥磷钾减半（CF2）增产3.69%-12.63%,施用量1500 kg/hm2（T100）和1875 kg/hm2（T125）产量结果一致。施用硅钙镁磷钾肥通过提高每穗实粒数来提高水稻产量。随硅钙镁磷钾肥施用量增加,水稻秸秆和籽粒磷、钾含量和吸收量不断增加。施用硅钙镁磷钾肥提高土壤有效磷含量、速效钾含量和p H,而对土壤全氮、全磷、有机质和碱解氮含量无明显影响。综合产量、磷钾养分吸收和土壤养分含量结果,硅钙镁磷钾肥用量以1500 kg/hm2（T100）在超级稻上效果最佳。

The Effects of Silicon, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization Level on Yield and Phosphorus and Potassium Absorption of Super Rice

In order to explore the application effect of silicon, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on super rice, a field plots experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the yield and phosphorus and potassium absorption of rice and soil nutrient contents. The results showed that in comparison with farmer custom fertilizer (CF1) and custom fertilizer with phosphorus and potassium halving (CF2), silicon, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could increase yield of super-rice, and the yield increased 1.87%-10.65% and 3.69%- 12.63% , respectively. The yield was consistent between T100 and T125. Silicon, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could increase filled grain. With the increasing of the application, contents and uptake amounts of phosphorus and potassium in grain and straw increased. Silicon, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could increase soil available phosphorus, available potassium and pH value, but had no significant effects on soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter and available nitrogen content. The feasible silicon, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium fertilization was 1500 kg/hm2 (T100) and the yield, phosphorus and potassium absorption and soil nutrient contents would be increased.