生态、品种和栽培措施及其互作对烤烟主要化学成分含量的影响

为探讨生态、品种、栽培措施及其互作对烤烟主要化学成分（还原糖、总氮和烟碱）含量的影响，在河南、山东、陕西3个烟区，以‘豫烟10号’‘、粤烟98’‘、K326’‘、湘烟3号’为研究材料，设置不同的栽培措施，采用方差分析的方法比较烟叶化学成分含量的差异。结果表明：烟叶主要化学成分含量的变异系数在生态间最大，在品种、栽培措施间较小。生态、品种、栽培措施及其互作对还原糖、总氮、烟碱含量均有显著的影响，生态条件对烟叶还原糖、总氮、烟碱含量的贡献率分别为53.92%、24.33%和77.41%，其次是互作效应和品种，栽培处理的贡献率最小。烟叶还原糖和烟碱含量与成熟期和旺长期的降雨量、日照时数关联度较大；烟叶总氮含量与旺长期、成熟期和团棵期的总日照时数关联度最大。生态条件对烟叶化学成分的影响大于品种和栽培措施，是影响烟叶化学成分的主要因素。整个大田期以降雨量和日照时数与烟叶化学成分相关性较大。

Impact of Ecological Conditions, Varieties, Cultivation Measures and Their Interactions on the Main Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco

Objective]Method]In order to indicate the effectst of ecological conditions, varieties, cultivation measures and their interactions on reducing-sugar, nicotine and total nitrogen contents of flue-cured tobacco leaf ,the differences of chemical components from different grade were investigated in Henan, Shandong, Shanxi. ]Result]The experiments disclose the following results: The CV of the main chemical composition of flue-tobacco were the largest between ecological conditions, and least between varieties, cultivation measures. The effects of ecological conditions, varieties, cultivation measures and their interactions on reducing-sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen were significantly .But their contribution rates were different. Ecological contribution rate was 53.92%, 24.33% and 77.41% respectively, while varieties, cultivation measures and their interactions for their contribution rate were small. Rainfall and sunshine hours in tobacco vigorous growth stage and tobacco mature stage were the top four climate factors that relate closely to the contents of reducing-sugar, nicotine of tobacco leaves during their growth period. And, sunshine hours in tobacco rooting stage, vigorous growth stage and mature stage were the climate factors that relate to the contents of total nitrogen. Conclusion]Above all, effects of ecological conditions on the chemical composition of tobacco leaves are greater than the varieties and cultivation measures. Ecological conditions is the main factor that affects the chemical components contents of tobacco leaves. Rainfall and sunshine hours are the main factors that relate closely to the contents of tobacco chemical components during the whole tobacco growth periods.