郑单958与先玉335黄淮海北部物候期特点分析

为实时掌握夏玉米在黄淮海北部生长发育进程,综合评价环境因素对玉米生长发育的影响,调查分析了‘郑单958’与‘先玉335’在北纬37°53＇、东经115°42＇的物候期、气象因素、叶片展开速率、籽粒灌浆速率与产量性状。夏播玉米‘郑单958’与先玉335播种后6天出苗,生育期间为111天,灌浆期持续66天,叶片展开速率和灌浆速率随温度升高而加速,收获前6天时间（10月5—11日）,‘郑单958’与‘先玉335’产量贡献率分别达6.61%和4.20%。黄淮海区域属于一年两熟种植模式,黄淮海北部夏玉米一般不能达到完熟收获。选用中早熟品种,及早抢播、适时晚收,保证玉米充足的有效积温和授粉后充足的灌浆时间可以显著提高玉米产量。

Analysis of ‘Zhengdan 958＇ and ‘Xianyu 335＇ on Phenophase Characteristics in the North of Huanghuaihai Region

In order to grasp summer corn growth and development process in Huanghuaihai northern area, comprehensive evaluate the impact of environmental factors on the growth and development of corn. The phenophase, leaf unfolding rate, grain filling rate and yield characteristics of ‘Zhengdan 958＇ and ‘Xianyu 335＇ were surveyed at 37° 53＇ north latitude and 115°42＇ longitude. The summer corn‘Zhengdan 958＇ and ‘ Xianyu335＇ emerged in 6 days after sowing, the growing period was 111 days, the grain-filling stage lasted 66 days, leaf unfolding rate and grain filling rate were accelerated at elevated temperature, 6 days before harvest on October 5-11, ‘Zhengdan 958＇ and ‘Xianyu335＇ contributed to the yield by 6.61% and 4.20% respectively. The results concluded that two crops a year were taken in Huanghuaihai area. The summer corn grown in Huanghuaihai northern region generally could not achieve maturing harvest. Selecting early maturing varieties, early sowing, timely late harvest, ensuring corn effective accumulated temperature and sufficient grouting time after pollination could significantly improve corn production.