基于村级尺度的农村水贫困评价及其创新管理——以衡阳县礼梓村为例

为探究中国南方农村地区水贫困现状及其评价方法，以国外的水贫困指数(WPI)为基本框架，结合中国南方农村社区水资源系统的特点，从水资源状况、供水设施、利用能力、使用效率和环境状况5个方面选择23个指标，建立一套基于村级尺度的南方农村社区水贫困评价指标体系。采用分级打分法量化数据，构建综合指数评价模型，并对湖南衡阳县礼梓村水贫困水平进行评价。结果表明，礼梓村的WPI指数值为58.91，呈现中等水贫困现象。其水贫困主要表现在水资源利用能力和使用效率低下、环境状况堪忧以及供水等水利基础设施相对落后等方面。该项研究表明，中国南方自然水资源条件优越的农村地区同样有可能存在不同程度的水贫困问题。

The Assessment of Rural Water Poverty Based on A Community Scale-- Taking Lizi Village,Hengyang County as An Example

In order to explore the present situation of water poverty and its evaluation of rural areas in the south of China, this paper took WPI as the basic framework, combined with the characteristics of water resources system in hilly area of southern China rural community, electing 23 indexes from the condition of water resources, water supply facilities, use of water capacity and efficiency and environmental conditions to establish a set of evaluation index of water poverty for southern rural community. At the same time, it adopted the graded scoring method of quantitative data and constructed a comprehensive index assessment model. Meanwhile, the paper evaluated the water poverty level of Lizi Village in Hengyang County, Hunan Province. The results showed that, the WPI numerical of Lizi Village was 58.91, that was to say this village was in a secondary water poverty state. The water poverty was mainly manifested in the lower utilization of water resources and inefficient use, poor environment condition and the relatively backward water supply and conservancy infrastructure etc. The study showed that the natural condition of water resources in south China rural areas of superior were also likely to exist the different degree of water poverty.