应用土壤圆锥指数仪评估阜新海州矿排土场复垦工程效果

在矿区土地复垦工作中,如何获取合适的土壤特征指标对于提高复垦质量以及复垦效果评估都有着重要的意义。以阜新海州露天矿排土场复垦工程为研究对象,应用新型土壤圆锥指数仪对复垦土壤压实度进行测量,结合GPS信息、GIS技术及统计学方法对数据进行分析,研究土壤圆锥指数方法在评估矿区土壤复垦效果中应用的可行性。通过对排土场覆土复垦区7个地块264个采样点的测量试验,数据分析结果表明,覆土工程5年后,89%以上测量区域的土层厚度达到北方常见农作物生长需求。研究表明,土壤圆锥指数作为评估矿区土地复垦工程一项参数指标具有较强的可行性,但具有一定的片面性,需与其他理化参数相结合,才能更全面地评价矿区复垦效果。

The Rehabilitation Evaluation of Mining Field in Fuxin Haizhou Mine Dump by Applying Soil Penetrometer

It is very important for mining field rehabilitation to acquire the suitable indices. In order to study the feasibility of cone index as a new index to evaluate the rehabilitation of mining field, an improved soil penetrometer was used to measure the soil compaction of rehabilitation field in Fuxin Haizhou strip mine dump. Totally 264 sampling points were measured in 7 plots of covering soil area. All of experimental data were processed by GIS and statistical methods combined with GPS information. The results showed that： the more than 50% measured points＇ thickness of covering soil was greater than demand of soil covering project in the resent 4 years. It meant that coal gangue was decomposing slowly. The experiment also proved the feasibility of using soil cone index to evaluate the rehabilitation of mining field.