不同品种紫花苜蓿中总皂苷含量的比较研究

采用比色法测定了北京地区栽培不同年限的45个紫花苜蓿品种茎、叶中总皂苷的含量。结果表明，各品种苜蓿叶片中的皂苷含量均高于茎，在不同品种之间存在明显差异。4年生植株中皂苷含量最高的品种“Vernal”为1.174%，最低的品种“Empress”为0.606%；3年生植株中最高的品种“WL442”为1.141%，最低的品种“农保”为0.788%；2年生植株中最高的品种“胜利者”为1.293%，最低的品种“全能”为0.722%。综合比较，含量最低品种与最高的品种相差2.13倍。栽培年限对紫花苜蓿皂苷含量具有一定影响。

Quantification of Saponins in 45 Different Cultivars of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

The colorimetric method was used for quantification of saponins. The content of total saponin in leaves and stems of 45 different cultivars alfalfa( Medicago sativa L.) growing in Beijing were determined. The results show that there are distinctly different among cultivars in content of saponin. The total saponins in leaves were higher than that in stem. In the 4-year plant, the highest level of total saponin was "Vernal"which content was 1.174%. The lowest cultivars "Empress" was 0.606%. In the 3-years plant, "WL442"had the highest content with 1.141%. The lowest contents were "Nongbao" with 0.788%. The highest total saponin content in 2-years plant is"victory"with 1.293%, the lowest was "Total" with 0.722%. In all 45 cultivars, the saponin content of highest cultivars was 2.13 time than the lowest one, and may be influenced by growing ages.