施肥对春青稞干物质积累、分配及产量的影响

为研究施肥对青稞干物质积累、分配及产量的调节作用,以‘藏青27’、‘QTB13’和‘QTB25’为试验材料,比较分析不同施肥处理下干物质积累、分配及产量的变化规律。结果表明：增加施肥量促进青稞分蘖期—成熟期的干物质积累及开花期和成熟期干物质向营养器官和籽粒的分配,提高了花前营养器官贮藏同化物转运量及对籽粒贡献率,降低了花后同化物输入籽粒量对籽粒贡献率。‘QTB13’和‘QTB25’在F₂条件下,更有利于干物质积累及向营养器官和穗部的分配,花后同化物输入籽粒量最大,产量也最大。‘藏青27’在F₃条件下,更有利于干物质积累及向营养器官和穗部的分配,花后同化物输入籽粒量和对籽粒贡献率最大,产量也最大。说明合理施肥有利于青稞干物质积累分配及产量提高。

Fertilization: Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation,Distribution and Yield of Spring Hulless Barley

To explore the regulation effect of fertilization on dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of hulless barley, taking ‘Zangqing 27’, ‘QTB13’ and ‘QTB25’ as experimental materials, we analyzed the change rules of dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of these varieties under different fertilization treatments. The results showed that: the increase of fertilization promoted dry matter accumulation from tillering to maturity stage and the distribution of dry matter to vegetative organs and grains at flowering and maturity stage; and improved the transport of pre-flower nutrition organs stored assimilates and the contribution rate to grain, decreased the post-flower assimilates allocation to grain and the contribution rate to grain; the F₂ was conducive to accumulate the dry matter and allocate to vegetative organs and grains of ‘QTB13’ and ‘QTB25’, while had the highest post-flower assimilates allocation to grain and yield of ‘QTB13’ and ‘QTB25’; the F₃ was conducive to accumulate the dry matter and allocate to vegetative organs and grains, while had the highest post-flower assimilates allocation to grain, and the contribution rate and yield of ‘Zangqing27’. The study indicates that appropriate fertilization is beneficial to the accumulation, distribution of dry matter and can improve the yield of hulless barley.