红花种质顶果球籽粒质量及其相关农艺性状的回归分析和通径分析

为明确红花顶果球籽粒质量与其主要农艺性状的关系,以326份红花种质为试验材料,采用相关分析、回归分析和通径分析对红花顶果球籽粒质量及其相关性状进行研究。相关分析表明,影响顶果球籽粒质量的主要农艺性状依次为顶果球质量、顶果球着粒数、顶果球直径、分枝高度、株高、茎粗,其中顶果球质量、顶果球着粒数、分枝高度与顶果球籽粒质量呈正相关,顶果球直径、株高、茎粗与顶果球籽粒质量呈负相关。多元回归分析表明,顶果球着粒数、顶果球质量、顶果球直径、茎粗是影响顶果球籽粒质量的主要性状。通径分析表明,顶果球着粒数、顶果球质量、顶果球直径、株高、分枝高度、茎粗是影响顶果球籽粒质量的较显著性状。对通径分析的主要表型性状进行线性回归,表明顶果球质量和顶果球着粒数对顶果球籽粒质量影响较为显著。在培育籽粒高产红花品种时,应着重考虑顶果球质量、顶果球着粒数、顶果球直径等相关性状。

Regression Analysis and Path Analysis of Top Fruit Grain Weight and Related Agronomic Traits of Safflower

The paper aims to study the relationship between the top fruit grain weight and main agronomic traits. With 326 safflower varieties used as materials, the regression analysis and path analysis were carried out to explore the grain weight of top fruit and main agronomic traits. The correlation analysis indicated that the order of the influencing traits on top fruit grain weight were as follows: weight of top fruit, grain number of top fruit, diameter of top fruit, branches height, plant height, and stem diameter. There was an obviously positive correlation between top fruit grain weight and weight of top fruit, grain number of top fruit, branches height, a negative correlation between top fruit grain weight and diameter of top fruit, plant height, stem diameter. Multiple regression analysis showed that top fruit grain number, weight of top fruit, diameter of top fruit, and stem diameter were the main traits affecting top fruit grain weight. The grain number of top fruit, weight of top fruit, diameter of top fruit, plant height, branches height, and stem diameter had more direct effect on the grain weight of top fruit. Linear regression showed that the weight and the grain number of top fruit had more significant effect on grain weight of top fruit. Therefore, in safflower high-yield variety breeding, the focus should be on the weight, the grain number and the diameter of top fruit.