日本环境保全型耕地农业系统对中国耕地保护的启示

为解决中国农业长期粗放经营问题,研究中国耕地与生态文明协同保护体系,采用文献研究法和归纳演绎法,分析东亚地区代表国家环境保全型农业下的耕地农业协同体系。研究表明,日本的耕地农业环境保护支付制度、生态补偿市场认证体系、耕地农业法律制度保障,是建立在生态补偿原则上,经过实践检验行之有效的,能够提升市场参与度及农民自主性投入的耕地生态协同保护措施。中国在推广耕地合理利用实践方面做出了不懈努力,但是在建立耕地生态协同保护的休耕制度、因地制宜建立生态补偿体系、加快推进耕地生态协同保护专项基金的设立等方面还需进一步坚持和完善。

Enlightenment of Japan’s Environmentally Conserved Cultivated Land Agricultural System on Cultivated Land Protection in China

To solve the problem of long-term extensive management of China’s agriculture, and to study the cooperative protection system of cultivated land and ecological civilization in China, the literature research method and inductive deduction method were used to analyze the cooperative system of cultivated land agriculture under the representative of national environmental conservation agriculture in East Asia. The results showed that, Japan’s farmland agricultural environmental protection payment system, ecological compensation market certification system, and farmland legal system guarantees are established based on the principle of ecological compensation and have been tested in practice to effectively improve the market participation and farmers’ independent input. In conclusion, China has made unremitting efforts to promote the rational use of farmland, but still needs to go ahead in fields of setting a fallow system for the coordinated protection of cultivated land ecology, establishing an ecological compensation system based on local conditions, and accelerating the establishment of a special fund for the collaborative protection of farmland ecology.