洋葱通用型愈伤组织诱导的建立

为研究洋葱愈伤诱导体系建立问题,对洋葱种子幼苗、鳞茎盘、幼嫩花序不同组织进行愈伤诱导,同时对愈伤组织进行继代培养和发芽诱导筛选。结果表明,12份洋葱种子材料未诱导出愈伤组织,12份洋葱球的鳞茎盘只有‘早春黄3号（不育系）’诱导出愈伤组织;22份洋葱花序在黑暗条件进行愈伤诱导,诱导率为100%,说明洋葱不同组织对愈伤的诱导发生存在差异,洋葱幼嫩花序培养基诱导率100%,说明洋葱最佳诱导愈伤的组织为幼嫩花序。对不同材料愈伤进行继代培养,‘早春黄3号（不育系）’和‘黄金大玉葱’愈伤生长最快;利用液体培养基进行继代培养,能够快速、高效扩繁愈伤组织。选用27份不同梯度组合的培养基对愈伤组织进行出苗诱导,在光照条件下,开始会有绿色组织形成,全部诱导出根,均未诱导出苗。石蜡切片观察外植体诱导愈伤和继代培养愈伤无差异,再生培养基诱导后有根形态形成。说明不同成分的培养基诱导洋葱愈伤组织,其内部促进生根的激素增加,导致根的诱导发生。通用型洋葱愈伤组织的诱导形成,为不同基因型的洋葱诱导出苗、生根奠定材料基础,对洋葱基因编辑等技术应用具有促进作用。

Establishment of Universal Allium cepa Callus Induction

The paper aims to study the establishment of onion callus induction system. Callus induction was carried out from onion seedlings, bulbs and young inflorescence, and the callus was subcultured and germinated. The results showed that callus was not induced in 12 accessions of onion seed material, only 12 accessions of the bulbs of onion balls had callus induction by ‘Zaochunhuang3 (sterile line)’; 22 accessions of onion inflorescence had callus induction in dark condition, and the induction rate was 100%. The results showed that there was distinct difference in callus induction from diverse tissues of onion. The induction rate of onion young inflorescence medium was 100%, indicating that it was the best tissue for callus induction of onion. Callus subculture of dissimilar materials showed that ‘Zaochunhuang3 (sterile line)’ and ‘Big Golden Globe’ had the fastest growth of callus; subculture with liquid medium could quickly and efficiently expand the callus. The callus was satisfied to emerge from the medium with 27 gradient combinations. Under light condition, green tissues were formed first, and roots were induced in all the medium, while no seedlings were induced. Paraffin sections showed no difference in explant-induced callus and subculture callus, and root formation was observed after regeneration medium induction, indicating that the medium of separate ingredients could induce onion callus, and the internal hormones promoting rooting increased, leading to the induction of roots. Therefore, the study on the induction and formation of general-purpose onion callus lays a material foundation for the induced emergence and rooting of onion of distinct genotypes, and promotes the application of onion gene editing.