直播稻田无人机全程防治病虫草害初探

针对不同设备设计不同喷液量,飞行参数验证防治效果,从而验证无人机在稻田全程应用的可能性,旨在探索2种小型多旋翼植保无人机低空喷洒在整个水稻生长时期病虫草害防治过程中的防效。结果表明:当喷洒水田封闭式除草剂的喷洒量为10650、15000 mL/hm²,其对杂草的株防效与鲜重防效与人工电动喷雾相近。在病虫害的防治试验中,使用推荐用量且喷洒量为10650、15000 mL/hm²时,以及使用70%推荐用量（减量30%）且喷洒量为15000 mL/hm²时,防治效果均与人工电动喷雾器无显著差异。通过验证,选择合适的药剂,配合科学的喷洒参数,可在保证药效的前提下减少农药使用量。多旋翼植保无人机在水稻田有进行大面积全程飞防植保应用有广阔的前景。

Crop Protection with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in Rice Field

This research focuses on exploring the efficacy of UAVs on crop protection for rice. Experiment factors include different UAVs, spray volume and flight parameters. Pre-emergence herbicides and pesticides are tested. Results show that when the spray volume is 10650 and 15000 mL/hm², no significant difference is observed for control efficacy on weeds between UAV application and manual application. When the spray volume is 10650 and 15000 mL/hm² in pests and disease control efficacy test, the efficacy is not affected even when the pesticide dosage is decreased by 30% at the spray volume of 15000 mL/hm². Therefore, using UAV to apply pre-emergence herbicides and pesticides is feasible. Selecting appropriate pesticides and scientific spraying parameters can reduce pesticide usage. The application of UAVs in rice crop protection has a broad prospect.