当前中国耕地占补平衡的宏观形势与特征

摘 要：中国耕地占补平衡制度实施了10年，在控制建设占用耕地和补充耕地数量平衡起到了重要作用，在当前政策和经济背景下耕地占补平衡出现了许多新的特征。此文论述了当前中国耕地占补充平衡中粮食安全与耕地质量建设、土地宏观调控和土地督察制度建立、中国功能区划工作完成和城乡统筹和新农村建设等新宏观形势，分析总结了耕地占补平衡出现了四点特征：（1）耕地实行先补后占，城乡建设用地增减挂钩；（2）新增耕地逐渐由开发为主向土地整理转化；（3）平衡管理由“数量”向“数量质量”平衡，由“区域平衡”向“项目平衡”转化；（4）耕地后备库“批、供、用、补”信息化管理。

New Macroscopical Trends and Characteristic of Balance of Cultivated Land Occupation and Compensation in China

Abstract: The land policy of balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation has been implemented for 10 years and it has played an important role in controlling cultivated land transferring to land for construction. Under the current policy and economic environment, the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation has come forth some new characteristics. This paper analyzed the latest macroscopical trends which related to the land policy of balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation in China, such as food security and cultivated land quality construction, land macro-control and land supervisor system construction, national functional regionalization, balance of urban and rural development and building a new socialist countryside. We summarized new four characteristics such as cultivated land compensated before construction occupation, transferring of the compensated land from land development to land consolidation and rehabilitation, quantity balance turning to quantity and quality balance, regional balance to projects balance and information management for cultivated land approval, supply, occupation and compensation.