三花龙胆不同器官可溶性糖和龙胆苦苷含量的动态研究

为了解三花龙胆体内可溶性糖和主要有效成分龙胆苦苷的季节性积累规律,采用蒽酮试剂显色法和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分别测定不同器官中可溶性糖和龙胆苦苷的含量。研究结果表明:三花龙胆的不同器官中可溶性糖和龙胆苦苷含量随发育节律出现波动。不同器官中可溶性糖含量差别较大,地下器官中含量最高,整个生育期内其含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,并在休眠期维持在较高水平;龙胆苦苷在地下器官中的含量最高,其次是茎、花,最后是叶,地下器官中的龙胆苦苷在7月初和10月中旬出现2个积累高峰。季节性的发育期内,三花龙胆地下器官可溶性糖和龙胆苦苷的变化规律基本呈负相关的规律,负相关性从植株萌动到果实发育之前的期间更为明显。因此,三花龙胆药材的最佳采收期应为10月中上旬,可溶性糖和龙胆苦苷在其整个生育期内出现了一定的相关性。

Dynamic Study on Soluble Sugar and Gentiopicroside Content in Different Organs of Gentiana triflora Pall.

To study the seasonal accumulation regularity of soluble sugar and gentiopicroside of Gentiana triflora, the contents of soluble sugar and gentiopicroside in different organs were determined with the method of anthrone colorimetry and the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar and gentiopicroside in different organs of G. triflora presented fluctuation according to developmental stages. The differences of soluble sugar content in different organs were obvious. Soluble sugar contents in underground organs were the highest. During the whole developmental period, soluble sugar content increased at the beginning and then decreased. Meanwhile, soluble sugar content maintained at a higher level during its dormancy stage. Gentiopicroside content was the highest in the underground organs, followed by stem, flower, and leaf with the sequences from high to low. The two high accumulated peaks were found respectively in early July and middle of October in the underground organs. During the seasonal development period, the changes of soluble sugar and gentiopicroside in the underground organs of G. triflora showed a negative correlation, and the negative correlation was more obvious from plant germination to the early stage of fruit development. Therefore, the best harvest time of G. triflora would be in the early and middle of October. The contents of soluble sugar and gentiopicroside showed some correlations during entire development period.