不同施肥条件对鱼腥草碳氮代谢生理指标的影响

【研究目的】结合前期对产量、品质的研究，探讨不同施肥条件下鱼腥草叶片主要碳氮代谢指标的变化及其与产量形成的关系。【方法】采用单因子随机区组设计进行施肥实验，测定鱼腥草叶片光合速率、硝酸还原酶活性、叶绿素和粗蛋白的含量。【结果】各施肥处理中以较低施肥水平人粪尿处理的鱼腥草叶片含叶绿素总量最高，达2.552 mg/gFW，以中等施肥水平鸭粪的净光合速率最高，为8.306μmol/(m2·s)。施用不同肥料的鱼腥草叶片硝酸还原酶活性大小为：鸭粪>猪粪>常规施肥>化肥>人粪尿，各处理以中等施肥水平的猪粪处理的硝酸还原酶最高，达46.2μg NO2-/(h·g)FW；粗蛋白以施用较高水平化肥的最高（13.31%）。【结论】施用有机肥能显著提高鱼腥草叶片的碳代谢，这有利于其产量的形成；但施用人粪尿不利于提高鱼腥草叶片硝酸还原酶活性和蛋白质的形成与积累。

Effects of Different Fertilizer Application on Enzyme Activities of Rhizospheric Soil and Root Vigors in Houttuynia cordata Thunb

【OBJECTIVE】To investigate the effect of diffrent fertilizers on the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen metabolization in Houttuynia cordata Thunb;【METHOD】A single factor randomized block design was employed to investigate net photosynthesis rate, the nitrate reductase activities, contents of Chla, Chlb，total chlorophyll and crude proteins in leaves of Houttuynia cordata.【RESULTS】The highest content of total chlorophyll was found in the treatment by 36000kg/hm2 human mature with a value of 2.552 mg/gFW. The highest net photosynthesis rate was found in all the treatments by mid-level fertilizers described above. The highest net photosynthesis rate was detected in the treatment by 36000kg/hm2 duck mature, with a value of 8.306μmol/(m2·s). Furthermore, the activities of nitrate reductase in leaves of Houttuynia cordata were in the order of mature of duck> mature of pig > conventional fertilizer >chemical fertilizer > mature of human from stronger to weaker. The nitrate reductase activities were the highest in the treatment by mature of pig at middle levels of fertilizer application with a value of 46.2μg NO2-/(h·g)FW. While the content of crude protein was the highest in the treatment by more higher level of chemical fertilizer(13.31%). 【CONCLUSION】The application of organic fertilizers could increas the contents of chlorophyll and net photosynthesis rate of Houttuynia cordata Thunb, and this was benefiacal to the accumulation of carbonhydrates in the plants. The application of mature of man might not profit the activities of nitrate reductase and the accumulation of protein.