不同绿肥品种翻压对玉米产量及土壤肥力的影响

为确定不同生态区最佳绿肥对象，通过大田小区试验研究不同绿肥翻压对玉米产量及对土壤性状的影响。结果表明：光叶紫花苕综合生物学性状较好，是提高玉米直径、长度与生物学产量及养分的较好绿肥，尤其在缺磷地区是较好的绿肥，但应提早掩埋时间，以提高玉米有效株数；紫云英是提高玉米籽粒产量、秸秆产量的较好绿肥；小麦对板结的粘土改良有积极意义，小麦与黑麦草应提早播种期，黑麦草在缺磷地区是较好绿肥；箭筈豌豆是提高土壤微生物及酶活性的较好绿肥，综合生物学性状较好；肥田萝卜是改良酸化土壤与提高生物学产量及养分的良好绿肥，在缺磷地区是较好绿肥。以综合指标来看，箭筈豌豆是湘西州绿肥种植较适宜对象。

Effects of Turnover of Different Green Manure on Corn Yield and Soil Fertility

In order to determine the optimum green manure in different ecological regions, the effects of turnover of different green manure on corn yield and soil properties were studied by plot experiment. The results showed that the biological character of Vicia villosa Roth var. was the best, it was better to improve corn diameter, length, biological yield and nutrient, especially in phosphorus deficiency regions, but it should be buried in early time in order to improve the effective number of corn plant; milk vetch was better to increase corn kernel yield, straw yield; wheat had positive significance in the improvement of harden clay, while the seeding time of wheat and ryegrass should be early, ryegrass was good green manure in phosphorus deficiency regions; common vetch was good green manure to increase the soil microbes and enzyme activity, and had better biological character; Raphanus sativus L. was good green manure to improve acidic soil and improve biology yield and nutrient, especially in the phosphorus deficiency regions. From the aspect of aggregative indices, common vetch was the most suitable green manure in Xiangxi Zhou.