长江中下游地区不同避涝作物种植模式对农田温室气体排放的影响

通过田间原位试验，研究长江中下游地区不同避涝作物种植模式对农田温室气体排放的影响，为该地区低碳作物种植模式的选择提供依据。利用静态箱法研究水稻-小麦(WRR)、黄心乌-茭白(WZR)、黄心乌-毛豆-荸荠(WECR)、水芹-芹芽-水稻(CCRR)和莲藕(LR)种植模式下农田的N₂O、CO₂和CH₄等温室气体的排放规律。结果表明：N₂O、CO₂和CH₄的排放具有明显的季节性，CO₂排放呈现夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季，CH₄和N₂O排放呈现夏季＞秋季；WECR、WRR和CCRR种植模式土壤CO₂排放量差异不显著，但都显著高于WZR，LR模式；WRR、CCRR和LR种植模式土壤N₂O排放量极显著高于WZR和WECR模式；LR极显著高于CCRR种植模式土壤CH₄排放量，而WZR、WECR和WRR极显著低于LR和CCRR。不同种植模式综合温室效应大小WRR＞CCRR＞WECR＞LR＞WZR，可见黄心乌-茭白模式综合温室效应最低，是长江中下游易涝区域低碳农业的较佳生产模式。

Effects of Cropping Patterns of Different Flood-avoiding Plants on Greenhouse Gas Emission in the Downstream of Yangtze River

In this study, the effect of cropping patterns of different flood-avoiding plants on greenhouse gas emission in the downstream of Yangtze River was studied and the basis for selecting regional low-carbon agriculture crop patterns was provided. The emission rules of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O under the cropping patterns of wheat-rice (WRR), yellow heart cabbage-water bamboo (WZR), yellow heart cabbage-soybean-water chestnuts (WECR), cress-celery bud-rice (CCRR) and lotus root (LR) were analyzed by the method of closed chamber technique. The results showed that the emission of CO₂ followed the order of summer＞autumn＞spring＞winter, and CH₄ and N₂O followed the order of summer＞autumn; CO₂ emissions were not significantly different among the cropping patterns of WECR, WRR and CCRR, but were all higher than that of WZR and LR; N₂O emissions of WRR, CCRR and LR were significantly higher than that of WZR and WECR; CH₄ emission of LR was significantly higher than that of CCRR, but CH₄ emissions of WZR, WECR and WRR were significantly lower than that of LR and CCRR. The order of greenhouse effect was WRR＞CCRR＞WECR＞LR＞WZR, which suggested that the cropping pattern of yellow heart cabbage-water bamboo (WZR) had the lowest greenhouse effect and it was the better production pattern in the Yangtze River Flooding Area.