胶霉毒素菌渣的抗菌活性及其应用的研究

旨在研究胶霉毒素菌渣对5种土传病菌的抑制性,寻找到一种胶霉菌素菌渣的综合利用方法。以辣椒炭疽病菌、水稻纹枯病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、油菜菌核病菌和棉花枯萎病菌为供试菌,采用菌丝生长速率法,对胶霉毒素菌渣的抑菌活性进行了研究,并比较了10%菌渣、10%豆粕、无豆粕和菌渣的培养基对木霉孢子和胶霉毒素含量的影响。以木霉干重孢子数为指标,确定了菌渣最佳添加量。胶霉毒素菌渣对5种土传病菌具有一定的抑菌效果,浓度为40 mg/mL时,对4种土传病菌菌丝的生长的抑制率为100%。胶霉毒素菌渣添加量为30%时,木霉的发酵效果最佳,其干重孢子数达到22亿/g。综上所述,胶霉毒素菌渣具有良好的抑制土传病菌生长的效果,且可作为氮源循环利用培养木霉。

Gliotoxin Waste Mycelium: Antibacterial Activity and Its Application

The aims are to study the inhibitory activity of gliotoxin waste mycelium on five kinds of soil-borne pathogens, and to look for a comprehensive utilization method of gliotoxin waste mycelium. Colletotrichum capsici, Rhizoctinia solani, Valsa mali, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusariym oxyusporum were taken as test bacteria in this research. The inhibitory activity of gliotoxin waste mycelium was researched by using hyphae growth rate methods. The effects of 10% waste mycelium medium, 10% soybean meal medium, no soybean meal and waste mycelium medium on trichoderma spores and gliotoxin content were also studied. Trichoderma spores were considered as index to ensure the optimum adding amount of gliotoxin waste mycelium. Gliotoxin waste mycelium had certain bacteriostatic effect on the five soil-borne pathogens. The mycelial growth of four soil-borne pathogens was totally suppressed when the gliotoxin waste mycelium was 40 mg/mL. The best fermentation effect of Trichoderma spp. was obtained when the dosage of gliotoxin waste mycelium was 30%, the dry weight spores of Trichoderma could reach 2.2 billion/g. In general, the gliotoxin waste mycelium has a good inhibiting effect on the growth of soil-borne pathogens, and could be used as a nitrogen source to cultivate Trichoderma.