硅肥对水稻产量、品质及抗倒伏特性的影响

研究不同硅肥对宁化河龙贡米产量、品质和抗倒伏性状的影响,以期为宁化河龙贡米的可持续稳定发展提供技术支撑。以‘玉针香’为试验材料,设置3个不同硅肥处理森夫硅肥(S1)、蔡德龙ETDA硅肥(S2)、不施硅肥（S0,对照）],调查不同硅肥处理对‘玉针香’产量形成、品质及茎秆形态和力学特征相关性状的影响。结果表明,施用S1处理森夫硅肥和S2处理蔡德龙ETDA硅肥比对照不施硅肥‘玉针香’产量高,分别提高2.82%和4.83%,有效穗数较对照增加11.57%和13.74%;整精米率较对照增加7.48%和13.07%;植株形态特征（株高、茎粗、茎壁厚度、叶片长度和宽度）没有明显影响,植株抗推力增加了18.31%和3.82%。施用硅肥能够一定程度上提高水稻产量、改善品质、提高抗倒伏能力,但不同硅肥类型对水稻的促进效应存在差异,S1处理对水稻的综合影响最大,可为河龙贡米高产栽培提供参考。

Effect of Silicon Fertilizer on Rice Yield,Grain Quality and Lodging Resistance

The effects of silicon fertilizer on rice lodging resistance, yield performance and grain quality were investigated to prompt the sustainable development of Helonggongmi industry. With ‘Yuzhenxiang’ as material, 2 different silicon fertilizers (S1: Senfu and S2: Caidelong ETDA silicon fertilizer) were used and no silicon fertilizer treatment was taken as control. The effects on rice stem morphology and mechanical character, and grain production and quality were studied. The results showed that the application of silicon fertilizers had little influence on plant morphology characteristics (plant height, stem diameter, culm wall thickness, leaf length and leaf area). The grain production was enhanced by 2.82% and 4.83% under S1 and S2 treatment, the effective panicle number was increased by 11.57% and 13.74%, respectively, the head rice rate was increase by 7.48% and 13.07%, the thrust resistance was increased by 18.31% and 3.82%. Silicon fertilizer could enhance plant lodging resistance, increase grain production and improve quality to a certain extent, but the effects vary with silicon fertilizer types, and the S1 treatment is suitable for high yield cultivation of Helonggongmi.