新疆典型覆膜地区农户残膜污染治理行为调查与分析

农户在农田残膜污染治理工作中起着关键作用,为了促进新疆地区残膜治理工作的开展,以新疆典型地区的覆膜农户为对象展开问卷调查,利用Logistic模型研究影响农户残膜治理行为的因素。结果表明：当前残膜污染治理措施主要是回收残膜,只有6.7%的农户选择使用可降解地膜;农户的农业收入、残膜危害认知水平、残膜回收站、治理效果以及机械化水平是影响其残膜回收行为的重要原因;在分析农户使用可降解地膜的影响因素时发现,家庭从事农业人数、主要经济来源、农业收入以及降解膜价格是影响农户使用可降解地膜的重要原因。基于此,提出加大关于残膜危害和相关治理措施的宣传力度、加大对残膜回收机和降解地膜的研发力度以及严格落实相关法规条例作为推进新疆残膜治理工作的建议。

Investigation and Analysis of Residual Mulching Film Pollution Control Behaviors of Farmers in Typical Film Covered Areas in Xinjiang

Farmers play a key role in the treatment of residual film pollution in farmland. To promote the development of residual film treatment in Xinjiang, a questionnaire survey was conducted with farmers using mulching film in typical regions of Xinjiang, and a Logistic model was used to explore the factors affecting residual film treatment by farmers. The results indicate that the current treatment measures for residual film pollution are mainly recycling the residual film, and only 6.7% of farmers choose to use degradable mulching film; the farmers’ agricultural income, awareness level of residual film hazards, residual film recycling station, treatment effect and mechanization level are the important reasons affecting the residual film recycling behavior of farmers. When analyzing the influencing factors of farmers’ use of degradable mulching film, it is found that the number of people in one household engaged in agricultural production, the main economic sources, agricultural income and the price of degradable mulch are important factors influencing farmers’ use of degradable mulching film. Based on this, it is proposed to strengthen the publicity on the hazards of residual film and related treatment measures, enhance the research and development of residual film recycling machines and degraded mulching film, and strictly implement relevant laws and regulations to promote the treatment of residual film in Xinjiang.