红椿半同胞家系苗期生长变异及选择研究

以来自湖北和湖南5个地区的21个红椿优树半同胞家系为研究材料,在四川泸县进行分家系容器育苗,通过对1年生容器苗苗高和地径的观测和分析,进行苗期生长比较与优良家系选择,以期为红椿苗期优良家系选择及后续的良种选育提供参考。结果表明,不同家系苗高和地径变幅分别为14.33~55.50 cm和3.03~6.64 mm,不同家系间苗高和地径均有极显著差异,具有很好的家系选择基础。绝大部分家系的苗高和地径的变异系数均小于15%,家系苗生长较为均匀一致,对今后家系的选择和利用有利。21个家系中,以‘利川17号’生长最好,苗高和地径均最大,苗高和地径分别为51.90 cm和6.26 mm,遗传增益分别为43.08%和22.61%。21个家系苗高和地径的遗传力分别为0.952和0.839,苗高受到的遗传调控更高。以苗高为主进行苗期选择,选择出‘利川17号’、‘宣恩10号’、‘宣恩20号’3个优等家系,入选率14.29%,苗高和地径的平均遗传增益分别为30.99%和18.27%。选择的3个家系选择差大,选择率低,遗传增益高,可为后续的良种选育提供参考。

Seedling Growth Variation and Selection of Half Sib Toona ciliata Families

To provide reference for the selection of fine families at seedling stage and the subsequent breeding of improved varieties, twenty one half sib Toona ciliata families from 5 regions in Hubei and Hunan were used as the research materials, the container seedling of different families was carried out in Luxian, Sichuan, an experimental base of Sichuan Academy of Forestry Sciences. The seedling growth comparison and excellent family selection were conducted based on the observation and analysis of 1-year-old seedling height and ground diameter. The variation range of seedling height and ground diameter was 14.33-55.50 cm and 3.03-6.64 mm, respectively. There were significant differences in seedling height and ground diameter between different families, which had a good basis for family selection. The variation coefficient of seedling height and ground diameter of most families was less than 15%, and the growth of seedlings was more uniform, which was beneficial to the selection and utilization of families in the future. Among the 21 families, ‘Lichuan 17’ had the best growth, the highest seedling height and ground diameter, the seedling height and ground diameter were 51.90 cm and 6.26 mm, respectively, the genetic gains were 43.08% and 22.61%, respectively. The heritability of seedling height and ground diameter of 21 families was 0.952 and 0.839, respectively. Three superior families, ‘Lichuan 17’, ‘Xuan’en 10’ and ‘Xuan’en 20’, were selected with seedling height as the main factor, and ground diameter as the auxiliary factor. The selection rate was 14.29%, and the average genetic gains of seedling height and ground diameter were 30.99% and 18.27%, respectively. The three selected families had a large selection difference, low selection rate and high genetic gain, which could provide references for the follow-up breeding.