杏花银梨果园改造对土壤养分和果实品质的影响

为改善杏花银梨的品质,提升商品竞争力。以改造前后的梨园为研究对象,研究有机无机肥配施对杏花银梨果园土壤营养成分、土壤微生物和土壤酶活性以及果实基本品质、单糖组分、氨基酸组分以及香气成分的影响。结果表明：有机无机肥配施处理后果园土壤中速效磷提升了63.79%、速效钾元素含量提升了252.30%、细菌总量增加了203.43%、蔗糖酶活性提高了202.18%、过氧化物酶提升了100.00%;果实总氨基酸含量提升了78.22%、香气物质中酯类物质含量提升了524.92%。施用和不施用生物有机肥的各个指标均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。本研究表明有机无机肥配施后能够改良杏花银梨果园土壤以及显著提升杏花银梨果实品质。

Effects of Transformation on Soil Nutrients and Fruit Quality of ‘Xinghuayin’ Pear Orchard

To enhance the fruit quality and commodity value of ‘Xinghuayin’ pear, using orchards before and after transformation as research objects, we deeply ploughed the orchards using combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer, and studied the changes of soil nutrient, soil microbe, soil enzyme activities, fruit basic quality, fruit anino acids and fruit aroma component. The results showed that after the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer, the content of available P and available K, the microbe quantity, the activity of sucrase, the activity of peroxidase, the content of total animo acid, the content of esters in aroma substance were increased by 63.79%, 252.30%, 203.43%, 202.18%, 100.00%, 78.22% and 524.92%, respectively. Each index had significant difference between treatments with and without bio-organic fertilizer (P<0.05). The research indicates that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could significantly improve soil nutrient contents and fruit quality.