不同水肥组合对辣椒植株生长及养分吸收的影响

本研究旨在探明不同肥水组合对辣椒植株生长及养分吸收的影响效应。以‘苏椒五号’辣椒为试材,通过研究不同水肥组合对植株生长及养分吸收的影响,最终提出辣椒有机基质栽培水肥管理的最佳技术。结果表明,当每株辣椒施N量0.88 g、施P₂O₅ 0.40 g、施K₂O3.31 g和含水量63.53%时,辣椒植株生长最旺盛,当每株辣椒施N量0.88 g、施P₂O₅ 0.40 g、施K₂O 22.23 g和含水量63.53%时,植株茎粗最大。结合之前水肥耦合对产量的研究结果,辣椒基质生产中建议基肥中每株添加N 0.88g、P₂O₅ 0.40 g、K₂O 3.31 g和控制基质含水量63.53%;辣椒苗期吸收最多的为氮肥、钾肥次之、磷肥最少,从开花期至结果初期吸收最多的钾肥、氮肥次之、磷肥也最少;增加基质含水量和在一定程度上减少施肥总量可以增加植株株高、茎粗及植株干鲜重。本研究结果为进一步研究辣椒基质栽培的肥水精确管理奠定理论基础。

Different Combinations of Fertilizer and Water: Effects on Plant Growth and Nutrient Absorption of Pepper

The study aims to investigate the effects of different combinations of fertilizer and water on the growth and nutrient absorption of pepper. Pepper variety ‘Sujiao 5’ was used as the test material. By studying the effects of different water and fertilizer combinations on plant growth and nutrient absorption, the optimal water and fertilizer management techniques for pepper organic substrate cultivation were proposed. The results show that the growth of pepper plants is the most vigorous when N application amount is 0.88 g, P₂O₅ application amount is 0.40 g, K₂O application amount is 3.31 g and the water content is 63.53%. When N application amount is 0.88 g, P₂O₅ application amount is 0.40 g, K₂O application amount is 22.23 g and the water content is 63.53%, the plant stem diameter is the largest. Combined with the previous research results of water and fertilizer coupling on yield, it is suggested that N 0.88 g, P₂O₅ 0.40 g, K₂O 3.31 g should be added to each plant in the base fertilizer in pepper substrate cultivation production, and the water content of substrate should be controlled to 63.53%. Nitrogen fertilizer is the most absorbed in pepper seedling stage, followed by potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. From flowering stage to early fruiting stage, potassium fertilizer is the most absorbed, followed by nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. Increasing the water content of substrate and reducing the total amount of fertilizer can increase plant height, stem diameter and plant dry and fresh weight to a certain extent. The results could provide a theoretical foundation for further study on accurate management of fertilizer and water in pepper organic substrate cultivation.