茶园土壤N2O排放的影响因素及减排措施

茶园土壤通过微生物作用释放大量氧化亚氮(N₂O),因此需迫切了解茶园土壤N₂O产生机制及影响因素,以期为茶园土壤N₂O减排提供理论依据。从氮源、有机质、pH、水分、温度、质地等角度对茶园土壤N₂O排放的影响进行综述,提出相应的N₂O减排措施。对以上影响因素阐述发现：反硝化作用对茶园土壤N₂O排放的贡献较大;氮肥施用、土壤理化性质、气象因子等是茶园土壤N₂O排放的关键因素。施用缓释氮肥、氮肥深施、采用氮肥推荐施用量、养分有机替代技术能降低茶园土壤N₂O排放。

Influencing Factors of N2O Emission from Tea Garden Soil and Emission Reduction Measures

The soil of tea plantations can release large amounts of nitrous oxide (N₂O) through the role of microorganisms. Therefore, it is so urgent to understand the mechanism and influencing factors of N₂O production from the tea garden soil to provide a theoretical basis for reducing N₂O emission. A review of the effects of nitrogen source, organic matter, pH, moisture, temperature and texture on N₂O emission from the soil of tea plantations was conducted, and the corresponding measures of N₂O emission reduction were proposed. Through explaining the above influencing factors, we found that denitrification had big contribution to N₂O emission; nitrogen fertilizer application, the physical and chemical properties of soil and meteorological factors played important roles in N₂O emission. Application of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, deep application of nitrogen fertilizer, using recommended amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and organic nutrient replacement technology could reduce N₂O emission of tea plantation soil.