广东省水稻生产的现状及对策

广东地处亚热带,气温高、日照长,具备水稻优质高产的天然气候条件,有着悠久的水稻种植历史,是中国13大粮食主产区,自矮化育种以来创造了“粤稻现象”的辉煌成绩。然而,多年来,广东大米自给率仅为30%左右,对其他地区大米的依赖程度相对较高。随着新冠肺炎疫情的爆发和蔓延,广东的大米安全受到一定程度的影响。在这种新形势下,本研究通过查阅《中国农业统计年鉴》《广东统计年鉴》《广东农村统计年鉴》等相关资料,调研了广东水稻生产的现状并分析其存在的问题,针对问题提出要通过政策引导、加强突破性品种培育、构建完善的推广示范体系、数字化销售渠道及延伸水稻价值链,推动产业的发展。

Rice Production in Guangdong Province in Post-Epidemic Era: Current Situation and Countermeasures

Guangdong is located in the subtropical zone with high temperature and long sunshine hours, which has natural climate conditions for high quality and high yield of rice, and a long history of rice cultivation. As one of China’s 13 major grain production areas, Guangdong has brilliant achievements named as the ‘Guangdong rice phenomenon’ since the dwarf varieties’ breeding. However, over the years, Guangdong has relatively high dependence on rice from other areas because the self-sufficiency rate of rice in Guangdong is just about 30%. With the outbreak of COVID-19, the rice security of Guangdong is affected to a certain degree. This study investigated the current situation of rice production in Guangdong and analyzed the existing problems by referring to relevant materials such as China Agricultural Statistical Yearbook, Guangdong Statistical Yearbook and Guangdong Rural Statistical Yearbook, et al. Suggestions were put forward to promote the development of rice industry through policy guidance, strengthening the breeding of breakthrough varieties, building a perfect extension and demonstration system, digitizing marketing channels and extending the value chain of rice.