10份不同年代山西省主推高粱品种灌浆与脱水速率研究

为了研究山西省不同年代高粱品种的灌浆与脱水速率随着年代的更替所呈现的变化规律,试验以不同年代的10份高粱品种为试验材料,利用相关统计软件和公式计算每次取样期间子粒的含水量及灌浆和脱水速率,并进行显著性检验。显著性分析表明,百粒湿重、百粒干重和含水量在不同模型和不同天数之间呈差异极显著。在第45天时,含水量大部分处于17%~20%左右,只有‘晋杂4号’和‘抗四’略低,在9%左右。百粒干重、脱水速率和灌浆速率年代间没有明显的规律变化。百粒干重在第25~35天增长速率最慢。随着年代变化,各品种在成熟期的脱水速率逐步下降;10份材料的灌浆速率在第25~35天均呈下降趋势,随年代更替,新品种的子粒灌浆速率略高于老品种。产量与35~45天的脱水速率呈显著负相关。生产中选用灌浆前中期子粒灌浆较快与成熟期子粒脱水速率相对较高的品种,是提高子粒质量、稳定产量的关键。‘晋杂1号’、‘晋杂4号’和‘晋杂12号’是本次试验灌浆速率快的品种。

10 Sorghum Varieties of Different Ages in Shanxi Province: Grout Filling and Dehydration Rate

To study the variation rule of grain filling and dehydration rate of Shanxi sorghum varieties of different ages along with the change of age, 10 sorghum varieties of different ages were used as experimental materials. The water content, grain-filling and dehydration rate of the 10 sorghum hybrids of different ages were calculated according to the relevant statistical software and formulas, and the significance test was carried out for data analysis. The significance analysis showed that the grain wet weight and the grain dry weight and the grain moisture were significantly different among different models and different days. On the 45^th day, most grain moisture was from 17% to 20%, and only that of ‘Jinza 4’ and ‘Kangsi’ were slightly low. The grain dry weight and the dehydration rate and grout filling rate did not change significantly among stages. The increasing rate of grain dry weight was the slowest in 25-35 days. With the change of age, the dehydration rate of each variety decreased gradually at mature stage. The grain filling rate of the 10 materials showed a downward trend in 25-35 days. The grain filling rates of the modern varieties were slightly higher than old varieties. Correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly and negatively correlated with the dehydration rate in 35-45 days. Selecting varieties with faster grain filling rate at early middle stage and relatively fast grain dehydration rate at later stage was the key to improve grain quality and stable yield. ‘Jinza 1’, ‘Jinza 4’ and ‘Jinza 12’ are the varieties with faster grain-filling rate in this experiment.