不同光波、光源距离及环境温度对异色瓢虫成虫趋光行为的影响

异色瓢虫(Harmonia axyridis)是一种常见的农田天敌昆虫，了解不同光波、光源距离及环境温度对异色瓢虫成虫趋光行为的影响，为合理设计免伤天敌昆虫的安全杀虫灯提供理论依据。本研究通过设定16 种单色光和2 种固定的对照光波，将试虫置于3 个不同光源距离的感光箱中，并设定稳定的温、湿度，通过多批重复试验，测定不同日龄和不同性别异色瓢虫成虫在不同光波和光源距离条件下的趋光率，同时还研究了不同温度下异色瓢虫对光波趋向性的变化情况。结果表明异色瓢虫成虫最为喜好的光波为500、605、550 nm，而异色瓢虫成虫最为忌避的光波则为473、407 nm；距离光源0.65 m的趋光反应率显著高于距离光源1.15 m与2.15 m处的趋光反应率；高温或低温对异色瓢虫的趋向性有一定的抑制影响。异色瓢虫成虫的趋光行为对光波、光源距离及环境温度具有较强的选择性。

Effects of Light Wave, Light Source Distance and Temperature on Phototaxis Behavior of Harmonia axyridis

Harmonia axyridis is a common natural enemy to farmland pests. This study aims at the effect of light wave, light source distance and temperature on the phototaxis behavior of Harmonia axyridis adult, and provide theoretical basis for designing insecticidal lamp which could avoid harming to natural enemies of pests. Sixteen kinds of monochromatic light waves and two kinds of fixed control light waves were used. Harmonia axyridis of different ages and sexes were placed in three light boxes with different light source distances, but the humidity and temperature were kept stable. Then phototaxis rates of Harmonia axyridis under different light waves and light source distances were tested. Besides, light tendency of Harmonia axyridis under different temperatures was also studied. According to the results, the favorite light waves of Harmonia axyridis adults were at 500, 605 and 550 nm and the repellent light waves were at 473 and 407 nm. The phototaxis response rate at the distance of 0.65 m away from the light source was significantly higher than that of 1.15 and 2.15 m. Too high and too low temperature had certain inhibitory effect on light tendency of Harmonia axyridis. In conclusion, phototaxis behavior of Harmonia axyridis adult was obviously influenced by its selection of light wave, light source distance and temperature.