木醋液及其主要成分对土壤微生物数量影响的研究

木醋液是从多年生柞木中经过高温蒸馏出来的纯天然物质，其主要成分是有机酸和酚类物质，为了明确木醋液和主要成分对土壤微生物的作用，将加入不同剂量的木醋液、愈创木酚、醋酸的有机肥施入土壤，观察土壤中微生物数量的变化，结果表明：在1kg有机肥中加入10g木醋液，施入30kg土壤中，土壤微生物数量（特别是细菌数量）增加幅度最大，土壤微生物10天内被有效地激活；同时，当在1kg有机肥中木醋液的添加量高达50g时，对土壤微生物有一定的抑制作用。此外，通过采用木醋液中的两种主要成份醋酸与愈创木酚对比试验，表明其对土壤微生物数量的影响与木醋液不相关，木醋液能起到增加土壤微生物数量的作用，虽然有可能是其他物质在起主导作用，但更有可能的是多种物质的综合作用。

Effects Wood Vinegar and its Mainly Component on Quantity of Soil Microorganism

Wood Vinegar is a natural material that is distilled from wood. It is compose of organic acid and hydroxybenzene , Various dosage of wood vinegars, pyrolignerous acid and guaiacol were mixed into organic manure firstly in this experiment, and then, the above said organic manure are separately added into soil. Under the analysis of the amount of the edaphon, adding 10 g wood vinegar to 1 kg organic manure and 30 kg soil can much active the edaphon effectively in a short term and make a maximum rising extent of edaphon numbers. At the same time, a continuous restraint on the edaphon, including those existing in the tested roots will happen when 50g wood vinegar are added into 1 kg organic manure and 30 kg soil.However, the influence of pyrolignerous acid and guaiacol were not same with wood vinegars. The reason that wood vinegars can much active the edaphon effectively, is not only the pyrolignerous acid or guaiacol reacted.