果桑夏伐枝条的饲用价值

本研究旨在通过分析果桑夏伐枝条的饲用价值,明确其作为非常规饲料开发利用的可行性。采收生产上推广面积最大的果桑品种‘粤椹10号’(Y10)和‘嘉陵30号’(J30)的夏伐一年生枝条,分析其鲜、干产量、营养品质等;并与其他常见农业副产物的饲用价值进行比较。Y10和J30的夏伐一年生新鲜枝条生物量分别为19798 kg/hm²和15820 kg/hm²,品种间差异显著(P<0.05);叶片对产量的贡献最高,干重叶茎比分别为4.03(Y10)和6.51(J30)。两个果桑品种叶片氨基酸组成全面且丰富,含16种氨基酸,总氨基酸含量11.00%~12.90%。一年生枝条的蛋白含量(13.77%~15.83%)、粗脂肪(2.21%~2.30%)、粗灰分(9.32%~10.84%)、中性洗涤纤维(21.96%~22.66%)和酸性洗涤纤维(10.76%~11.69%)等营养参数优于茎秆,略逊于叶片。枝条干物质采食量占体重的5.30~5.46%,可消化干物质占干物质的79.79~80.51%,相对饲用价值为327.82~340.76。果桑枝条较稻草、红薯藤、花生秧、甘蔗渣等常规农业副产物有更好的营养品质和相对饲用价值。果桑夏伐一年生枝条是果桑产业的副产物,生物量可观、品质优良且具有较高的饲用价值,可以作为畜禽的非常规饲料开发利用。

Feeding Value of Summer-pruning Twigs of Fruit Mulberry

This study aims to clarify the feasibility of using summer-pruning twigs of fruit mulberry as feed by analyzing feeding value of the one-year-old twigs. The most popular mulberry varieties for fruit production, ‘Yuesheng 10’ (Y10) and ‘Jialing 30’ (J30), were harvested by pruning the fruit-bearing branch in summer. Fresh biomass, dry biomass, and nutritional quality of the one-year-old twigs were analyzed. The feeding value was compared with other conventional by-products. The results showed that the fresh biomass of one-year-old twigs of Y10 and J30 were 19798kg/hm² and 15820kg/hm², respectively. There was significant difference between the two varieties (P<0.05). The leaves had the highest contribution to the yield, and the leaf-to-stem ratios expressed on a dry weight basis were 4.03(Y10) and 6.51(J30), respectively. The amino acid composition of the mulberry leaves was comprehensive and rich, and the two varieties contained 16 kinds of amino acids in an amount from 11.00% to 12.90%. The crude protein (13.77%-15.83%), crude fat (2.21%-2.30%), crude ash (9.32%-10.84%), neutral detergent fiber (21.96%-22.66%), and acid detergent fiber (10.76%-11.69%) of the one-year-old twigs of the two fruit mulberry varieties were better than those of their stems and slightly inferior to those of their leaves. The range of dry matter intake, digestible dry matter and relative feed value were 5.30%-5.46%BW, 79.79%-80.51%DM, and 327.82-340.76 in the one-year-old twigs from the two fruit mulberry varieties, respectively. Compared with conventional by-products, such as rice straw, sweet potato vine, peanut straw and bagasse, fruit mulberry twigs have better nutritional value and relative feeding value. The summer-pruning twigs are by-products of fruit mulberry and have high biomass, comprehensive nutrition, good quality and high relative feeding value, which can be developed and utilized as unconventional high-protein feed for livestock and poultry.