不同遥感传感器监测森林虫害研究进展与展望

森林约占陆地面积的1/4,是全球生态系统重要组成部分。近年来害虫侵袭致使林木大量死亡,森林生态安全遭到破坏,亟需探寻一种简洁、高效的森林虫害监测方法。通过分析与总结国内外学者的研究,并查询相关书籍资料,对比多光谱、高光谱和微波等遥感传感器在森林虫害监测中的应用,对其优劣势进行分析。研究发现多光谱遥感空间分辨率高,但光谱分辨率较差,难以感知林木内部细微变化;高光谱遥感光谱分辨率高,可以感知林木内部细微变化,但其空间分辨率较低,且数据量大不易计算;微波遥感具有很强的穿透性,可进行全天候、全天时监测且不易受天气影响,但其空间分辨率低,难以获取林木光谱信息。未来应提高害虫区分能力、早期监测能力以及通过多源数据构建星空地协同的森林虫害遥感监测系统等发展趋势。为森林虫害遥感监测研究提供一种新思路。

Monitoring Forest Insect Pests by Different Remote Sensing Sensors: Research Progress and Prospect

As an important part of the global ecosystem, forests account for about a quarter of the world’s land area. In recent years, pests have caused a large number of forest deaths, and the ecological security has been damaged. Thus, it is urgent to explore a simple and efficient forest pest monitoring method. Referring to the research of domestic and foreign scholars and relevant books, this paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of multispectral, hyperspectral and microwave remote sensing sensors in forest pest monitoring. It is found that the spatial resolution of multispectral remote sensing is high, but the spectral resolution is poor, making it difficult to perceive subtle changes in the forest. Instead, the hyperspectral remote sensing has high spectral resolution, but its spatial resolution is low and the data is large and difficult to calculate. Lastly, the microwave remote sensing has strong penetration, it is able to monitor throughout the day, and is not susceptible to weather. However, its spatial resolution is low and it is difficult to obtain forest spectral information. In the future, the ability of pest differentiation, the ability of early monitoring, and the construction of forest pest remote sensing monitoring system based on multi-source data should be improved. This paper provides a new idea for remote sensing of forest pests.