栎属4个树种秋冬叶色与生理变化的关系

为了研究栎类树种秋冬转色期叶色变化的生理机制,以栎属4个树种——鲜红栎(Quercus coccinea)、纳塔栎(Quercus nuttallii)、沈氏栎(Quercus shumardi)、针栎(Quercus palustris)为试材,测定其秋冬转色期叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色素苷3种色素和可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量变化。结果表明:叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量均呈先快后慢的下降趋势;类胡萝卜素含量鲜红栎和沈氏栎呈现下降-上升-下降的趋势,其他2个树种呈平缓下降的趋势;花色素苷含量呈波动上升趋势;叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值变化趋势前中期较为平缓,后期迅速下降;鲜红栎的可溶性糖含量为单峰曲线,其他3个树种呈双峰曲线,与花色素苷相关性不显著;蛋白质含量与花色素苷含量呈正相关。

Relationship Between Leaf Color in Autumn and Winter and Physiological Changes of Four Species of Quercus

In order to study the physiological mechanism of Quercus leaves during the color changing period in autumn and winter, four species of Ouercus, Quercus coccinea, Quercus nuttallii, Quercus shumardi, Quercus palustris, were experimented to determine the changes of chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin and soluble sugar, soluble protein in this period. Results showed that, contents of chlorophyll a, b and a b decreased obviously, which exhibited a quick decrease in the early stage and a slow decrease in the late stage; Variations of carotenoid in Quercus coccinea and Quercus shumardi first decreased, then increased and in the end decreased, whereas the other two species showed a smooth downward trend; The content of anthocyanin present a trend of fluctuant rise; The changes in chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b were subdued at first and then decreased rapidly; The content of soluble sugar in Quercus coccinea presented a unimodal curve, while the other three species a bimodal curve with no significant correlation with anthocyanin; There was a positive correlation between the content of protein and anthocyanin.