中国农业补贴政策及其实施效果分析

近几年,中央根据粮食产销形势的新变化,先后出台了良种补贴、粮食直补、农机具购置补贴等一系列农业补贴政策,初步形成了农业补贴政策框架。这些措施极大地调动了广大农民种粮积极性,有力地推动了粮食生产的恢复发展,基本实现了粮食增产和农民增收的政策目标。但由于中国农业补贴政策体系仍处于初创阶段,在实施过程中仍存在许多问题。首先对中国农业补贴政策的实施现状进行了分析。然后,基于对江西省的实地调查数据,运用Cobb-Douglas生产函数对中国农业补贴效果进行了定量研究。最后,提出完善中国农业补贴政策的对策建议。研究的主要结论是,中国农业补贴政策在实施过程中仍存在许多问题,如补贴政策目标的短视化、补贴方式不科学、补贴结构不合理、补贴机制不健全等,应针对以上具体问题调整农业补贴政策的具体实施方式。

A Study on Agricultural Subsidy Policies and Their Impacts in China

Recently,a series of policies,such as improved variety subsidy of seed,direct grain-growing subsidy,the subsidy for purchasing farm implement,has been carried out according to new situation of production and marketing.These measures manoeuvre adequately the enthusiasm of farmers for growing.However,series of problems exit in the implementation of the policies.Based on the connotation of agricultural subsidy and the studies of other experts,the paper analyzes the application and the results of the agricultural subsidy policies in the main developed and developing countries.The experience and lessons from those countries serve a good reference for our country.Besides these,the paper establishes a theory economic model called Cobb-Douglas for qualitative analysis of agricultural subsidy policies in Jiangxi.At last,based on all of these,the paper proposes the goal of our country agriculture subsidy policy,and discusses the strategic of agriculture subsidy policy system.