运旱号强筋抗旱丰产系列小麦品种选育研究

为育成适宜中国黄淮麦区旱地种植的优质强筋抗旱丰产小麦新品种，选育研究突出了强筋力品质改良的的高产优质育种目标和重视利用具有国外优质种质背景的品种资源。通过生态适应合理组配亲本，调节花期活性杂交，高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基分子标记检测和面筋数量及质量的品质测定辅助选择，生态适应协调特征特性选育和生态适应异地多年多点及水旱地鉴定鉴选，重视系统观察考种和综合评价优选及优系优中选优等育种策略和方法技术的应用，克服了利用国外种质杂交和冬春杂交的抗旱、耐热、抗冻及适宜熟性等特性适应性差的技术问题，育成了以‘运旱20410’、‘运旱618’为代表的运旱号系列强筋小麦品种，品质特性实现了由中强筋到稳定性强筋的创新改良，具有比‘晋麦47’增产2%~10%的高产潜力和较强的抗旱抗干热风能力。实现了抗旱丰产与强筋品质性状的有机结合。

Studies on Breeding of Yunhan Strong Gluten Wheat Varieties for Drought Resistance and High-yielding

In order to breeding the high-quality, high-yield, strong gluten and drought-resistant wheat varieties which are suitable for Huanghuai dry land of our country, the research focused on the high yield and high quality breeding goal of strong gluten and high quality foreign germplasm usage. The author used strategies and methods like rational parent combination, adjusting the flowering for inter-breed, assistant selections with high molecular weight glutenin subunit protein molecular marker detections and measuring the quantity and quality of gluten, ecological-adaptation-oriented feature selection identification and ecological selection in multi-points for year. Alternative identification and selections in rain fed and irrigated land, strengthened systematic observation and comprehensive evaluation for better lines, and selections from better lines were conducted. The application of the systematic methods had solved the technical problems of bad adaptability to drought, heat, frost resistance, and maturity of foreign germplasms and hybrids with spring and winter varieties. The research bred a series of strong gluten wheat varieties which were represented by ‘Yunhan20410’, ‘Yunhan 618’, achieved the innovation improvement which changed the strong gluten to the strong and stable gluten. They raised 2-10% production than ‘Jinmai 47’ and had more drought-resistance and more heat-tolerance. We obtained the combination of high yield and drought resistance with the strong gluten traits.