花生‘福花4号’产量与籽仁营养成分积累过程研究

以福花4号为材料，采用国家有关检测标准，研究花生鲜果产量、花生群体与品质相关的主要营养成分积累过程。结果表明，花生鲜果产量增长，水分逐渐下降。成熟期（下针65天）鲜果籽仁粗脂肪含量为15.1%，其中，C18:1n9c占45.8%，C18:2n6c占31.4%，C16:0占13.0%，三者占粗脂肪含量的90.2%。粗脂肪含量增长曲线呈抛物线，脂肪酸组成积累过程有3种类型，成熟时O/L值最高值达1.46。籽仁蛋白质积累呈波浪型，氨基酸总量的变化趋势与蛋白质一致，峰值都出现在下针35天左右。成熟期蛋白质含量为8.85 g/100 g；氨基酸含量为7.46%；检测出17种氨基酸，谷氨酸含量最高，氨基酸变化曲线有3种类型。蔗糖、还原糖、总糖含量曲线均随花生干物质的积累过程呈由高到低后再回升的趋势。成熟期的蔗糖、还原糖、总糖含量分别为2.2 g/100 g、0.1 g/100 g和2.42 g/100 g。本试验结果得出，‘福花4号’鲜果产量与群体品质有关的主要营养成分含量在花生成熟期达最高或次高值，若要获得高产花生的鲜果产量和良好的品质应待花生成熟时采收。

Fruit Yield and Nutrient Accumulation in Seeds of ‘Fuhua 4’

In this paper,the study of the peanut fruit yield,peanut groups and the major nutrients accumulation of quality-related were taken in the new peanut variety ＇ Fuhua 4 ＇ by the national testing standards.The results showed that fruit yield of peanut increased with the day ＇ s growth of the needle under.Fruit seeds had 15.1% crude fat content fatty acids.C18：1n9c,C18：2n6c and C16：0 were the highest proportion,and C18：1n9c accounted for 45.8%,C18：2n6c accounted for 31.4%,C16：0 accounted for 13.0% were 90.2% of crude fat in the maturity period.The growth curve of crude fat was a parabola.Accumulation of fatty acid composition had three types.The O/L value reached the maximum value of 1.46 to the maturity.Protein content of fruit seeds had wave-type changes during the pod dry matter accumulation process.Trend of amino acids was consistent with the protein.The peak had emerged about the next needle 35 day.Protein content of 8.85 g/100 g and amino acid content was 7.46% in the maturity.17 amino acids were detected,with the highest content of glutamic acid.There were three changes types of curves of amino acid.The trend of sugar,reducing sugar and total sugar of the peanuts were high to low and then high with the accumulation of dry matter.The contents of sugar,re ucing and total sugar were 2.2 g/100 g,0.1 g/100 g and 2.42 g/100 g respectively in mature period.The experimental results showed that ＇ Fuhua 4 ＇ fruit yield and the main nutrient content of groups ＇ quality reached the highest or higher value in maturity,so to obtain high yield of peanut yield and good quality ＇ Fuhua 4 ＇ should be taken in maturity.