一株生防细菌GB58的鉴定与抑菌能力测定

对从广东水稻土中获得能高效抑制植物病原菌的细菌GB58进行鉴定、抑菌广谱性测定，明确其潜在应用价值。采用平板对峙法测定GB58抑菌广谱性，并参照细菌系统鉴定方法，通过形态、生理生化、分子生物学手段鉴定菌株。抗菌广谱性试验结果表明：GB58对多达12种的植物真菌性病害和1种细菌性病害具有较好的拮抗作用。细菌常规鉴定试验结果显示：GB58为芽孢杆菌属，碳源利用分析表明GB58能够利用46种碳源物质以及耐酸耐盐，通过16S rRNA、gyrA序列进行系统发育分析，确定GB58为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。GB58是一株抗菌范围广，营养竞争能力强的生防细菌，具备适应华南酸性土壤复杂环境的繁殖和代谢能力。

Identification and Antimicrobial Broad-spectrum Analysis of a Biocontrol Bacteria Strain GB58

This article presented the identification and antimicrobial broad-spectrum analysis of the biocontrol bacteria strain GB58 obtained in rice soil of Guangdong Province, which could inhibit plant pathogens, and aimed to clarify its potential application value. The antibacterial broad-spectrum of GB58 was determined by the plate confrontation method, and the bacterial strain was identified by morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular biology methods which were the reference for bacteria system identification. The antimicrobial broad-spectrum result showed that GB58 had better antagonism to twelve plant fungal diseases and one plant bacterial disease. In the meantime, common bacterial identification test showed that GB58 was bacillus and the carbon utilization analysis showed that GB58 could utilize 46 kinds of carbon sources and was able to tolerate acid and salt. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis through 16S rRNA and gyrA sequence concluded that GB58 was bacillus amyloliquefaciens. All the results suggested that GB58 was a biocontrol bacteria strain with wide antibacterial range and high nutrition competitive ability, which had the ability of reproduction and metabolism that enabled it to adapt to southern China’s acid-soil-dominant environment.