蒿属植物提取物对棉花枯萎病菌和红腐病菌的抑制活性研究

在实验条件下，采用菌丝生长速率测定法，以棉花枯萎病菌、棉红腐病菌为供试菌，对茵陈、黄蒿、艾蒿等3种蒿属植物提取物的抗菌活性进行了研究。结果表明，供试3种蒿属植物提取物对棉花枯萎病菌和棉花红腐病菌均具有较好的抗菌活性，其中尤以艾蒿提取物的抗菌活性强而稳定，48~96h对上述两病菌的菌丝抑制率均达80%以上；丙酮提取物的抗菌活性强于乙醇提取物，前者的EC50为1.4785 mg/L ，后者的为3.2090 mg/L。间歇振荡法、超声波法、冷浸法提取物对供试菌的72h菌丝抑制率分别为84.34% 、84.56%、88.7% ，可见同种溶剂不同提取方法所得提取物抗菌活性基本一致。

Inhibitive Activity of the Extracts of Plants in Artemisia against Fusarium momiliforme and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum

The inhibitory activity of the extracts from three species of plants (Artemisia annual L., Artemisia capil-laris, Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant) against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and Fusarium moniliforme were studied under the condition of laboratory. The results showed that the extracts of all the three plants in Artemisia showed strong antifungal activity against the tested pathongenic fungi, Especially the antifungual activity of the extract of Artemisia argyi was stronger and stabler. The rates of inhibition to the two pathongenic fungi, were over 80% in 48~96 hours after test. At the same concentration, the extract of the plants in Artemisia show little inhibition to F. oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum. The extract from Artemisia argyi showed stronger antifungal activities than the 95% ethanolof extract .The EC50 of the former was 1.4785 mg/L and the EC50 of the later was 3.2090 mg/L .As far as antifungal activities was concerned, the antifungal activities of every method extract was similar by the same solvent, and the rates of inhibition to F. momiliforme were 84.34%, 84.56% and 88.7% after 72 hours, respectively.