4种杀菌剂对葡萄灰霉病菌的毒力测定及复配试验

为了筛选出能有效防治葡萄灰霉病的药剂，为葡萄灰霉病的防治和复配制剂的研究奠定理论基础。采用菌丝生长速率法，测定了吡唑醚菌酯、咯菌腈、嘧菌环胺和啶酰菌胺4种杀菌剂对葡萄灰霉病菌的毒力，并研究吡唑醚菌酯和咯菌腈的复配效果。毒力测定结果表明：4种杀菌剂对葡萄灰霉病菌都有较强的抑制作用，咯菌腈的毒力最强，EC₅₀值为0.0845 mg/L；吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌环胺的抑制作用次之，EC₅₀值分别为3.6023、5.6300 mg/L；啶酰菌胺的抑制作用最低，EC₅₀值为68.2860 mg/L。联合毒力测定和评价结果表明：吡唑醚菌酯和咯菌腈5种混配组合对葡萄灰霉病菌的EC₅₀分别为0.3483、0.5291、0.5741、1.8751、3.9185 mg/L，共毒系数(CTC)分别是397.50、166.64、28.75、4.85、2.24。配比为1:25时增效作用最明显，共毒系数(CTC)为397.50。

Toxicity Determination and Synergistic Effect of Four Fungicides Against Grape Botrytis cinerea

In order to screen out effective fungicides against grape Botrytis cinerea, and lay a basis for grape Botrytis cinerea prevention and compounded preparation, the toxicities of fungicides like pyraclostrobin, fludioxonil, cyprodinil and boscalid against grape Botrytis cinerea were tested by mycelium growth rate method, and the synergistic effect of pyraclostrobin and fludioxonil was studied. The results of the toxicity determination showed that the 4 fungicides had inhibiting effect on grape Botrytis cinerea, fludioxonil had the best toxicity with EC 50 value of 0.0845 mg/L, then were pyraclostrobin and cyprodinil with EC 50 values of 3.6023 and 5.6300 mg/L, respectively. Boscalid had the lowest inhibiting effect withEC 50 value of 68.2860 mg/L. The result of the allied toxicity determination showed that EC 50 values of 5 compounded preparations of pyraclostrobin and fludioxonil were 0.3483, 0.5291, 0.5741, 1.8751 and 3.9185 mg/L, and the values of cotoxicity coefficient were 397.50, 166.64, 28.75, 4.85 and 2.24, respectively. The addition effect was most obvious when the mass ratio of pyraclostrobin and fludioxonil was 1:25, and the value of co-toxicity coefficient was 397.50.