高粱A3细胞质雄性不育的研究与利用

高粱A3细胞质雄性不育系花药肥大，黄色，可散落出部分花粉，但散落出来的花粉无效，自交套袋不结实，雄性不育性稳定。大多数高粱品系对A3细胞质雄性不育表现保持，具有优良性状的多数品系可转育为A3细胞质雄性不育系，这些不育系具有丰产性好、育性稳定、抗败育等特点。A3细胞质雄性不育恢复源很少，只有极少数高粱品系能恢复其育性，恢复度在40%~95%之间。A3细胞质雄性不育恢复源少且恢复系难以选育，是A3细胞质雄性不育研究的主要障碍，解决高粱A3细胞质雄性不育恢复系的选育问题，是实现A3细胞质雄性不育利用的关键。此文主要对高粱A3细胞质雄性不育恢复系和A3细胞质雄性不育系选育及杂交种选育和应用、高粱A3细胞质雄性不育育性遗传表达等方面进行了阐述，以期育种者重视A3细胞质雄性不育的研究。

Study and Utilization on Sorghum A3 Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

Sorghum A3 cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) anther was hypertrophy and yellow. It strewed some infertile pollens, so it had no fruit by self-pollination, and it had stable sterility. Most sorghum varieties can not maintain A3 CMS, but many high yield and stable sterility varieties can be transformed to A3 CMS. It restricted A3 CMS study that A3 CMS restorer lines were little, and restoration rate was 40%-95%. In order to utilize A3 CMS, restorer lines breeding must be solved. Breeding and application of A 3...