Comprehensive assessment of nutrient management technologies for cauliflower production under subtropical conditions |
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| Institution: | 1. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741 252, India;2. Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, 736 165, India;3. Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751 003, Odisha, India;1. Center for Cell Transplantation (Seventh Unit of General Surgery Department), Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People''s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China;2. Department of Blood Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People''s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China;3. Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People''s Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China;1. ICAR-Crop Production Division, National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India;2. Faculty of Agriculture, C V Raman Global University, Odisha, India;3. Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India;4. Faculty of Agriculture, Sister Nivedita University, Kolkata, New Town, 700156, West Bengal, India;1. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;2. Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, 11 Baiwanzhuang Street, Beijing 100037, China;3. Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 213 L.J. Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, USA;1. College of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Burdwan Sadar, 713101, West Bengal, India;2. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, 741 235, West Bengal, India;3. Chinsurah Rice Research Station, Chinsurah, Hoogly, 712101, West Bengal, India |
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| Abstract: | We developed a methodological protocol for comprehensive evaluation of nutrient management (NM) technologies for production of cauliflower taking its yield, quality, profitability, energy balance and environmental sustainability in terms of soil quality as the goal variables. Fifteen NM technologies comprising three sources of nutrients viz., organics farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost (VC) and green manure], inorganic fertilizations (recommended NPK at the rate of 200-44-82 kg ha−1and 125% of recommended NPK) and their selected combinations were tested for producing cauliflower for six consecutive growing seasons during 2006–2011. Integrated NM technology proved to be economically sound and environment-friendly practice. It helped to produce better quality cauliflower with higher value added products such as crude protein, dietary fibre, and vitamin C. Further, it concomitantly maintained better soil quality by improving soil organic carbon stock, microbial biomass carbon, bulk density and extractable plant available nutrients. Combining all the parameters together by employing non-parametric evaluation of regression factor scores through principal component analysis, the NM technology of FYM 5 Mg ha−1 + 125% of recommended NPK and VC 3 Mg ha−1 + 125% of recommended NPK were found to be the best among the NM technologies compared. The superiority of the technologies were attributed to higher curd biomass yield (8.36 and 9.70 Mg ha−1, respectively), higher economic return (benefit-cost ratio 2.7 and 2.5; marginal rate of return 8.0 and 5.1, respectively), more energy conserving efficiency (net energy 22.4 and 25.7 GJ ha−1; output-input energy ratio 1.86 and 2.00, respectively) and greater improvement in the indices of soil quality (6.219 and 5.709, respectively) and crop quality for human (6.7 and 7.4, respectively) and animal (7.4 and 6.4, respectively) nutrition. Organics were less productive, less profitable, and energetically less efficientas compared to integrated and inorganic systems for cauliflower production in subtropics. |
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| Keywords: | Cauliflower Nutrient management technology Energy gain Economic return Soil quality Crop quality |
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