Potential,constraints and applications of in vitro methods in improving grain legumes |
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Authors: | Aditya Pratap Umashanker Prajapati Chandra Mohan Singh Sanjeev Gupta Meenal Rathore Nupur Malviya Rakhi Tomar Ajeet Kumar Gupta Swapnila Tripathi Narendra Pratap Singh |
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Institution: | Crop Improvement Division, ICAR‐Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India |
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Abstract: | Grain legumes, the important constituents of sustainability‐based cropping systems and energy‐limited vegetarian diets have long been the subject of scientific research. Tremendous technological strides were made in the so‐called orphan crops, in terms of both varietal improvement and generation of basic information. Despite recalcitrancy and high genotype dependency, in vitro culture techniques such as organogenesis, in vitro mutagenesis, embryo rescue and in vitro gene transfer have been deployed for improvement of several grain legumes and these played an important role in introgression of desirable genes from related and distant species and creation of additional genetic variability. Stable and reproducible regeneration protocols resulted in the development of genetically modified chickpea, pigeon pea, cowpea, mungbean, etc., while embryo rescue was deployed successfully for recovery of interspecific recombinants, a few of them exploited for the development of commercial cultivars. Nevertheless, doubled haploidy witnessed limited success and protoplast regeneration and in vitro mutagenesis remained of academic interest. The present review focuses on the progress, achievements, constraints and perspectives of using in vitro technology in grain legume improvement. |
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Keywords: | embryogenesis haploid legumes organogenesis protoplast pulses transgene |
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