棉花红叶茎枯病病因及其译名辨析

红叶茎枯病是棉花的一种生理早衰现象,在世界多个植棉国广为发生。历史上科学家对红叶茎枯病的病因曾提出过:1.昆虫为害假说;2.侵染性病害假说;3土壤、气候与耕作条件不适假说.;4矿物质失调假说。第1、2种假说已被否定,第3种假说内容宽泛,对病害的起因不能圆满地解释,第4种假说长期占统治地位,主导人们对病因的认识。近年我们的研究结果表明,棉花库源比(主要是铃叶比)失调是红叶茎枯病的病因。该病在国际上常用的英文名称有red leaf disease,red leaf blight。根据资料分析,美国棉花上发生的bronze wilt很可能是红叶茎枯病。

Discrimination of Causal Factor and Translated Names for Cotton Red Leaf

Cotton red leaf is a kind of physiological premature senescence phenomenon in cotton, which occurred in most of cotton plant countries in the world. In history, there were many hypotheses put forward on its causes, such as: 1. insect damage hypothesis; 2. infectious disease hypothesis; 3. hypothesis of imbalanced minerals; 4. improper soil, climate and farming condition hypothesis. With the development of research, the first two hypotheses were denied. The third hypothesis have wide contents, it can hardly give a satisfied answer to the disease cause. The fourth hypothesis played a dominate role for a long time, so people thought lack of potassium was the main cause factor. Recent years, our research results indicated disorder ratio of sink and source (mainly the ratio of bolls and leaves) was the main cause of cotton red leaf. The disease common English names are red leaf disease, red leaf blight. According to the analysis of documents, the bronze wilt of cotton that occurred in US is likely to be red leaf.