中国棉花主栽品种DNA指纹数据库初步构建研究

 基于多重PCR（Polymerase chain reaction）与毛细管五色荧光检测系统，利用36对核心引物构建了138份棉花主栽品种DNA指纹数据库，采用棉花DNA指纹数据库软件管理系统进行数据统计与分析。36对引物在138份材料中共扩增出143个多态性等位位点，每对引物的等位位点数为2～8个，平均每对引物扩增出3.97个多态性等位位点。抽查的101个主栽品种仅45.6%的位点完全纯合，中棉所系列品种61.6%的位点完全纯合。存在5种非纯合位点表现形式，以2种基因型混杂所占比例最大，其中以5∶1的混杂类型最多。4种类型的同名品种指纹比对分析表明，品种内的遗传变异度均在0～2个差异位点。初步建立了高通量的棉花DNA指纹检测与数据分析平台，提出了不同品种间的差异判别标准。

Primary Construction of a DNA Fingerprint Database of Leading Cotton Varieties in China

36 core primers were used for constructing a DNA fingerprint database of 138 leading cotton varieties based on multiplex fluorescence detection technology. The fingerprint data was analyzed by the software of the cotton DNA fingerprint database system. Among the 138 varieties, 36 pairs of primers had 143 polymorphic alleles, and each primer pairs amplified an average of 3.97 polymorphic alleles with a range from 2 to 8. The homozygous DNA locus ratio of sampled varieties was 45.6%, and that of the CCRI series was 61.6%. There were five types of heterozygous DNA loci, and the two mixed genotypes rank the first in which the genotype of the ratio of 5∶1 was the most type. The contrastive analysis of fingerprint among four type varieties with the same name indicated that they contained different number loci, ranging from 0 to 2. A high throughput platform for cotton varieties DNA detection and data analysis was established. A threshold for DNA fingerprint-based variety identification on cotton was proposed.