转基因(Bn-csRRM2)高产棉花对土壤速效养分和酶活性的影响

在田间试验条件下,以转基因(Bn-cs RRM2)高产棉及其亲本常规棉中棉所12为研究对象,比较分析2种棉花在不同生育期(苗期、蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期)对土壤速效养分和酶活性的影响。结果表明,随生育期推进,转基因高产棉土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量变化趋势与常规棉一致,土壤速效磷含量变化趋势与常规棉不同。转基因高产棉土壤速效磷含量在蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期与常规棉无显著差异;铵态氮含量在苗期、蕾期和花铃期与常规棉无显著差异;硝态氮含量在吐絮期显著高于常规棉,其余3个时期显著低于常规棉。随生育期推进,转基因高产棉土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性变化趋势与常规棉一致,碱性磷酸酶活性变化趋势与常规棉略有不同。转基因高产棉土壤脲酶活性在苗期、蕾期和吐絮期显著高于常规棉,在花铃期无显著差异;过氧化氢酶活性在苗期和吐絮期与常规棉无显著差异;碱性磷酸酶活性只在吐絮期与常规棉无显著差异。表明,土壤养分和酶活性受转基因高产棉的影响较小,其变化主要受到生育期的影响。

Changes in Available Nutrients and Enzyme Activities in Soil of Transgenic(Bn-csRRM2) High-yield Cotton

This study monitored the changes in available nutrients and enzyme activities in the soils of transgenic(Bn-csRRM2) high-yield cotton and its parental isoline CRI 12 in different growth stages(seeding, squaring, flower and boll, and boll-opening stage) under field conditions. Results showed that ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents were not significantly different over time between cultivars, but the available phosphorus content was different over time between cultivars. The available phosphorus content was not significantly different between cultivars in squaring, flower and boll, and boll-opening stages. The ammonium nitrogen content was not significantly different between cultivars in seeding, squaring and flower and boll stages. The nitrate nitrogen content of transgenic high-yield cotton was significantly higher than that of conventional cotton in boll-opening stage and lower than conventional cotton in the other three growth stages. The urease and catalase activities were not significantly different between cultivars over time, but the alkaline phosphatase activity of transgenic high-yield cotton was slightly different from that of conventional cotton over time. Urease activity of transgenic high-yield cotton was significantly higher than that of conventional cotton in seeding, squaring, and boll-opening stages, but was not significantly different from that of conventional cotton in the flower and boll stage. There was no significant difference in catalase activity between cultivars in the seeding and boll-opening stages. Boll-opening stage was the only stage in which the alkaline phosphatase activity was not significantly different between cultivars. Our results indicated that the available nutrient contents and enzyme activities of soil were less affected by transgenic high-yield cotton, but mainly affected by the growth stage.