引进前苏联陆地棉种质资源主要农艺及经济性状鉴定研究

针对国内棉花生产发展的需要，在石家庄地区自然条件下，我们对引进前苏联的１２９份和国内的７２份陆地棉种质资源的农艺性状、产量及产量因子和纤维品质等性状进行了系统的同步鉴定研究，结果表明：引进材料同国内材料相比，生育期相差不大，引进材料具有株高较矮、果枝节位较低，铃重较高，纤维较整齐，强度高，细度好的特点，而且，在果枝数、叶枝数、单株铃数、单铃重、衣分、子指、纤维整齐度、纤维伸长率等性状的变异潜力和变化幅度均大于国内种质资源。通过系统同步鉴定，筛选出早熟、矮秆、高衣分、高子指、长纤维、高强度和细度好等不同特性的优异材料４４份，改善了我国棉花种质资源缺乏的现状。

Studies on Main Agronomic and Economic Characters of Germplasm Resources of Upland Cotton Introduced from Former Soviet Union

One hundred and twenty-nine varieties (strains) of upland cotton from former soviet union and seventy-two varieties (strains) at home were studied at Shijiazhuang zone. The comparison of FSU and the home cottons showed that maturity of these cottons were not significantly different. The cottons from FSU showed the lower plant height and fruiting node, higher boll weight, better fibre uniformity and finess and higher fibre strength and so on. The variability of fruiting branch number, leaf branch number, bolls/plant, boll weight, lint percent, seed index, fibre uniformity, elongation were higher than that from at home. Through the investagation, dozens of excellent germplasm resources with variors characteristics were selected.