种植密度对适宜机械化栽培高粱品种产量及生理特性的影响

以适宜机械化种植的高粱品种辽杂37和晋杂34为试验材料,分别对6个密度处理的产量、产量构成因素、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、光合速率及群体透光率进行了测定与分析。结果表明：辽杂37和晋杂34均在密度为13.5万株/hm ²时产量最高,分别可达10 551.0和10 324.5kg/hm ²。其中辽杂37在12.0万~15.0万株/hm ²、晋杂34在12.0万~13.5万株/hm ²密度时穗数、穗粒数和穗粒重协调效果较好,可保持较高产量水平。当密度达到15.0万株/hm ²时,随着密度的继续增加将导致群体光合速率和透光率大幅度下降,影响干物质积累和产量形成。

Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Sorghum Hybrids Suitable for Mechenization

Sorghum cultivars Liaoza 37 and Jinza 34 were used as experimental materials to determine and analyze the yield, yield components, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and population transmittance. The results showed that Liaoza 37 and Jinza 34 had the highest yield 10 551.0kg/hm² and 10 324.5kg/hm² at the density of 13.5×10⁴ plants/hm². This results showed that the spike number, the grain number per spike and the grain weight were coordinately best at this density and the higher yield could be maintained. The results also showed that the spike number, grain number per panicle and grain weight were good at 120 to150 thousand plants/hm² for Liaoza 37 and 120-135 thousand plants/hm² for Jinza 34. As the density continued to increase, the photosynthetic rate and transmittance of the population will decrease significantly and dry matter accumulation and yield formation would be affected.