不同种植密度对3个小豆品种植株形态及产量的影响

采用两因素随机区组设计,以直立型小豆品种冀红20、冀红21和唐红201602为材料,分析6个种植密度对不同小豆品种植株形态特征及产量性状的影响。结果表明,品种和种植密度对小豆形态特征和产量性状的影响较大;底荚高度和第一节间长随着密度的增加而增加,主茎节数、主茎分枝数、单株结荚数、单荚粒数和百粒重随着种植密度的增加而减小,产量随种植密度的增加呈先增加后减少趋势;相同品种不同种植密度间和相同种植密度不同品种间的产量差异极显著（F值分别为49.36、99.35）,品种与种植密度互作对产量的影响差异显著（F=3.91）。种植密度与株高、底荚高度呈极显著正相关,与第一节间长呈正相关,与茎粗、主茎分枝数和主茎节数呈极显著负相关。增加种植密度可增加小豆株高、底荚高度和第一节间长,有效减少主茎分枝数,有利于机械化收获。

Effects of Different Sowing Densities on the Morphological Traits and Yields of Three Adzuki Bean Varieties

Three varieties and six planting densities were used to investigate their effects on the morphological traits and yields of adzuki bean with two factors randomized block design. The results showed that both variety and planting density had significant effects on traits and yields. The bottom pod height and the first internode length increased with the increase of planting density, while the number of nodes per main stem, the number of branches per main stem, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight decreased with the increase of planting density. The total yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of the planting density. However, there were significant differences between varieties and densities, and effects of interaction between varieties and planting densities were observed too. Planting density were positively correlated with plant height, bottom pod height and the first internode length, but negatively correlated with the number of branches per main stem, stem diameter and the number of nodes per main stem. Increasing planting density could effectively increase the adzuki bean plant height, bottom pod height and the first internode length and could effectively reduce the number of branches per stem, all of these traits benefits mechanical harvest. Combination of high yielding varieties with moderate increase of planting density can make adzuki bean plant morphological characteristics suitable for mechanical harvest. The present study will provide information for further study on breeding and mechanics for production of adzuki bean.